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There has recently been a flood of interest in potential new applications of blockchains, as well as proposals for more generic designs called public ledgers. Most of the novel proposals have been in the financial sector. However, the…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2016-08-24 Thanh Bui , Tuomas Aura

In most electricity theft detection schemes, consumers' power consumption data is directly input into the detection center. Although it is valid in detecting the theft of consumers, the privacy of all consumers is at risk unless the…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-02-28 Zhiqiang Zhao , Yining Liu , Zhixin Zeng , Zhixiong Chen , Huiyu Zhou

In the Internet of Things (IoT) domain, devices need a platform to transact seamlessly without a trusted intermediary. Although Distributed Ledger Technologies (DLTs) could provide such a platform, blockchains, such as Bitcoin, were not…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2021-07-15 Andrew Cullen , Pietro Ferraro , William Sanders , Luigi Vigneri , Robert Shorten

In this paper, we introduce a binary balanced tree (BBT) channel transformation that extends Ar{\i}kan's channel transformation to arbitrary block lengths. We prove that the proposed transformation induces channel polarization, thereby…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2026-05-15 Xinyuanmeng Yao , Xiao Ma

With the increase of the adoption of blockchain technology in providing decentralized solutions to various problems, smart contracts have become more popular to the point that billions of US Dollars are currently exchanged every day through…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-01-24 Feng Mi , Chen Zhao , Zhuoyi Wang , Sadaf MD Halim , Xiaodi Li , Zhouxiang Wu , Latifur Khan , Bhavani Thuraisingham

Classical source polar codes require the construction of frozen sets for given sources. While this scheme offers excellent theoretical performance, it faces challenges in practical data compression systems, including sensitivity to the…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2025-01-23 Zichang Ren , Yuping Zhao

Polar codes were introduced in 2009 and proven to achieve the symmetric capacity of any binary-input discrete memoryless channel under low-complexity successive cancellation decoding. In this thesis, we construct cyclic polar codes based on…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2020-04-16 Narayanan Rengaswamy

New algorithms for efficient decoding of polar codes (which may be CRC-augmented), transmitted over either a binary erasure channel (BEC) or an additive white Gaussian noise channel (AWGNC), are presented. We start by presenting a new…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2021-07-14 Yonatan Urman , Guy Mogilevsky , David Burshtein

Logic locking protects an IC from threats such as piracy of design IP and unauthorized overproduction throughout the IC supply chain. Out of the several techniques proposed by the research community, provably-secure logic locking (PSLL) has…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-09-07 Satwik Patnaik , Nimisha Limaye , Ozgur Sinanoglu

Tensor operations, such as matrix multiplication, are central to large-scale machine learning applications. For user-driven tasks these operations can be carried out on a distributed computing platform with a master server at the user side…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2019-01-24 Malihe Aliasgari , Osvaldo Simeone , Joerg Kliewer

Public blockchains like Ethereum use Merkle trees to verify transactions received from untrusted servers before applying them to the blockchain. We empirically show that the low throughput of such blockchains is due to the I/O bottleneck…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2020-10-19 Soujanya Ponnapalli , Aashaka Shah , Amy Tai , Souvik Banerjee , Vijay Chidambaram , Dahlia Malkhi , Michael Wei

For finite length polar codes, channel polarization leaves a significant number of channels not fully polarized. Adding a Cyclic Redundancy Check (CRC) to better protect information on the semi-polarized channels has already been…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2016-11-14 A. Elkelesh , M. Ebada , S. Cammerer , S. ten Brink

As large language models (LLMs) become increasingly integrated into real-world applications such as code generation and chatbot assistance, extensive efforts have been made to align LLM behavior with human values, including safety.…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-07-29 Zhangchen Xu , Fengqing Jiang , Luyao Niu , Jinyuan Jia , Bill Yuchen Lin , Radha Poovendran

We present a rate-compatible polar coding scheme that achieves the capacity of any family of channels. Our solution generalizes the previous results [1], [2] that provide capacity-achieving rate-compatible polar codes for a degraded family…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2017-01-24 Marco Mondelli , S. Hamed Hassani , Ivana Marić , Dennis Hui , Song-Nam Hong

We improve the method in \cite{Seidl:10} for increasing the finite-lengh performance of polar codes by protecting specific, less reliable symbols with simple outer repetition codes. Decoding of the scheme integrates easily in the known…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2013-12-11 Mathis Seidl , Johannes B. Huber

The proliferation of large language models for code (CodeLMs) and open-source contributions has heightened concerns over unauthorized use of source code datasets. While watermarking provides a viable protection mechanism by embedding…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Yuchen Chen , Yuan Xiao , Chunrong Fang , Zhenyu Chen , Baowen Xu

Due to their provably capacity-achieving performance, polar codes have attracted a lot of research interest recently. For a good error-correcting performance, list successive-cancellation decoding (LSCD) with large list size is used to…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2018-07-02 YouZhe Fan , ChenYang Xia , Ji Chen , Chi-Ying Tsui , Jie Jin , Hui Shen , Bin Li

This paper introduces a new method of Blockchain formation for reliable storage of personal data of ID-card holders. In particular, the model of the information system is presented, the new structure of smart ID-cards and information on…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-06-30 Sergii Kushch , Yurii Baryshev , Yurii Baryshev

In this work, we address the low-complexity construction of shortened and punctured polar codes from a unified view. While several independent puncturing and shortening designs were attempted in the literature, our goal is a unique,…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2017-01-24 Valerio Bioglio , Frederic Gabry , Ingmar Land

Although iterative decoding of polar codes has recently made huge progress based on the idea of permuted factor graphs, it still suffers from a non-negligible performance degradation when compared to state-of-the-art CRC-aided successive…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2020-01-20 Marvin Geiselhart , Ahmed Elkelesh , Moustafa Ebada , Sebastian Cammerer , Stephan ten Brink