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The goal of this article is to parametrise solutions to Einstein's equations with big bang singularities and quiescent asymptotics. To this end, we introduce a notion of initial data on big bang singularities and conjecture that it can be…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-04-07 Hans Ringström

Rigorous results on solutions of the Einstein-Vlasov system are surveyed. After an introduction to this system of equations and the reasons for studying it, a general discussion of various classes of solutions is given. The emphasis is on…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2007-05-23 Alan D. Rendall

The Einstein constraint equations describe the space of initial data for the evolution equations, dictating how space should curve within spacetime. Under certain assumptions, the constraints reduce to a scalar quasilinear parabolic…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2019-02-20 Phillipo Lappicy

Formulating a dust filled spherically symmetric metric utilizing the 3+1 formalism for general relativity, we show that the metric coefficients are completely determined by the matter distribution throughout the spacetime. Furthermore, the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2011-11-09 Paul Lasky , Anthony Lun , Raymond Burston

The Einstein equations with a positive cosmological constant are coupled to the pressureless perfect fluid matter in plane symmetry. Under suitable restrictions on the initial data, the resulting Einstein-dust system is proved to have a…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2007-09-26 S. B. Tchapnda

A representation of spatial infinity based in the properties of conformal geodesics is used to obtain asymptotic expansions of the gravitational field near the region where null infinity touches spatial infinity. These expansions show that…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2015-06-25 Juan A. Valiente Kroon

We develop a local theory for the construction of singular spacetimes in all spacetime dimensions which become asymptotically self-similar as the singularity is approached. The techniques developed also allow us to construct and classify…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2018-02-27 Igor Rodnianski , Yakov Shlapentokh-Rothman

We construct spherically symmetric solutions to the Einstein-Euler equations, which give models of gaseous stars in the framework of the general theory of relativity. We assume a realistic barotropic equation of state. Equilibria of the…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2016-06-08 Tetu Makino

Stationary, axisymmetric, vacuum, solutions of Einstein's equations are obtained as critical points of the total mass among all axisymmetric and $(t,\phi)$ symmetric initial data with fixed angular momentum. In this variational principle…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2009-11-11 Sergio Dain

In 1981, Schoen-Yau and Witten showed that in General Relativity both the total energy $E$ and the total mass $m$ of an initial data set modeling an isolated gravitational system are non-negative. Moreover, if $E=0$, the initial data set…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-09-24 Sven Hirsch , Yiyue Zhang

We prove a global well-posedness and asymptotic convergence theorem for the \((3+1)\)-dimensional vacuum Einstein equations with positive cosmological constant \(\Lambda\) on globally hyperbolic spacetimes \(\widetilde M \cong M \times…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2026-04-07 Puskar Mondal

While it is known that any spherical fluid distribution may only source the spherically symmetric Schwarzschild space-time, the inverse is not true. Thus, in this manuscript, we find exact axially symmetric and static fluid (interior)…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2023-05-09 J. L. Hernández-Pastora , L. Herrera

We analyze existence and properties of solutions of two-dimensional general relativistic initial data sets with a negative cosmological constant, both on spacelike and characteristic surfaces. A new family of such vacuum, spacelike data…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-04-07 Piotr T. Chruściel , Wan Cong , Théophile Quéau , Raphaela Wutte

We construct a black hole initial data for the Einstein equations with prescribed scalar curvature, or more precisely a piece of initial data contained inside the black hole. The constraints translate into a parabolic equation, with radius…

Differential Geometry · Mathematics 2012-07-12 Bernold Fiedler , Juliette Hell , Brian Smith

The conformal structure of the Schwarzschild-de Sitter spacetime is analysed using the extended conformal Einstein field equations. To this end, initial data for an asymptotic initial value problem for the Schwarzschild-de Sitter spacetime…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2016-12-20 Edgar Gasperin , Juan Antonio Valiente Kroon

The subject of this article is the structure of big bang singularities in spatially homogeneous solutions to the Einstein non-linear scalar field equations. In particular, we focus on Bianchi class A; i.e., developments arising from left…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-05-02 Hans Ringström

A one-parameter family of time-symmetric initial data for the radial infall of a particle into a Schwarzschild black hole is constructed within the framework of black-hole perturbation theory. The parameter measures the amount of…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2009-11-07 Karl Martel , Eric Poisson

We present a new initial data formulation to solve the full set of Einstein equations for spacetimes that contain a black hole under general conditions. The method can be used to construct complete initial data for spacetimes (the full…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2019-03-06 Antonios Tsokaros , Kōji Uryū , Stuart L. Shapiro

Spherically symmetric, static model of the cosmological voids is constructed in the framework of the Tolman-Oppenheimer-Volkov equation with the cosmological constant. Extension of the Tooper result (dimensionless form of the TOV equation)…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-17 A. Odrzywolek

For the fields depending on two of the four space-time coordinates only, the spaces of local solutions of various integrable reductions of Einstein's field equations are shown to be the subspaces of the spaces of local solutions of the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2008-11-26 G. A. Alekseev