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An ensemble of multilevel atoms is a good candidate for a quantum information storage device. The information is encrypted in the collective ground state atomic coherence, which, in the absence of external excitation, is decoupled from the…
A general framework to study the mechanical behaviour of a cylindrical silicon anode particle in a lithium ion battery as it undergoes lithiation is presented. The two-way coupling between stress and concentration of lithium in silicon,…
Health evaluation for lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) typically relies on constant charging/discharging protocols, often neglecting scenarios involving dynamic current profiles prevalent in electric vehicles. Conventional health indicators for…
Motivated by the theory of reaction kinetics based on nonequilibrium thermodynamics and the linear stability of driven reaction-diffusion, we apply the Fokker-Planck equation to describe the population dynamics of an ensemble of reactive…
Active systems across scales, ranging from molecular machines to human crowds, are usually modeled as assemblies of self-propelled particles driven by internally generated forces. However, these models often assume memoryless dynamics and…
In many biological systems, natural selection acts simultaneously on multiple levels of organization. This scenario typically presents an evolutionary conflict between the incentive of individuals to cheat and the collective incentive to…
The recent decrease in battery manufacturing costs stimulates the market participation of utility-scale battery energy storage systems (BESSs). However, battery degradation remains a major concern for BESS owners while determining their…
Battery energy storage systems are increasingly deployed as fast-responding resources for grid balancing services such as frequency regulation and for mitigating renewable generation uncertainty. However, repeated charging and discharging…
The modulation and engineering of the free-electron wave function bring new ingredients to the electron-matter interaction. We study the dynamics of a free-electron passing by a two-level system fully quantum mechanically and emphasize the…
The development of material acceleration platforms in battery research requires integrating complementary techniques and correlating heterogeneous experimental datasets. Here, this challenge is tackled in a large-scale multimodal program…
Adhesion between two bodies is a key parameter in wear processes. At the macroscale, strong adhesive bonds are known to lead to high wear rates, as observed in clean metal-on-metal contact. Reducing the strength of the interfacial adhesion…
Most evolutionary robotics studies focus on evolving some targeted behavior without taking the energy usage into account. This limits the practical value of such systems because energy efficiency is an important property for real-world…
Degradation prognosis for lithium-ion cells requires forecasting the state-of-health (SOH) trajectory over future cycles. Existing data-driven approaches can produce trajectory outputs through direct regression, but lack a mechanism to…
Understanding the behavior of particles in a dispersed phase system via population balances holds fundamental importance in studies of particulate sciences across various fields. Particle behavior, however, is sophisticated as a single…
In mathematical models of lithium-ion batteries, the highly heterogeneous porous electrodes are frequently approximated as comprising spherical particles of uniform size, leading to the commonly-used single-particle model (SPM) when…
Designing lithium-ion batteries for long service life remains a challenge, as most cells are optimized for beginning-of-life metrics such as energy density, often overlooking how design and operating conditions shape degradation. This work…
Density functional theory is used to describe electrolyte solutions in contact with electrodes of planar or spherical shape. For the electrolyte solutions we consider the so-called civilized model, in which all species present are treated…
A variety of studies have modeled the physics of material deformation and damage as examples of generalized phase transitions, involving either critical phenomena or spinodal nucleation. Here we study a model for frictional sliding with…
In electrochemical systems, the structure of electrical double layers (EDLs) near electrode surfaces is crucial for energy conversion and storage functions. While the electrodes in real-world systems are usually heterogeneous, to date the…
Electrochemical impedance spectra for battery electrodes are usually interpreted using models that assume isotropic active particles, having uniform current density and symmetric diffusivities. While this can be reasonable for amorphous or…