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In recent years, end-to-end (E2E) based automatic speech recognition (ASR) systems have achieved great success due to their simplicity and promising performance. Neural Transducer based models are increasingly popular in streaming E2E based…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-10-19 Xie Chen , Zhong Meng , Sarangarajan Parthasarathy , Jinyu Li

Code-switching speech recognition (CSSR) transcribes speech that switches between multiple languages or dialects within a single sentence. The main challenge in this task is that different languages often have similar pronunciations, making…

Sound · Computer Science 2023-06-09 Zhiyun Fan , Linhao Dong , Chen Shen , Zhenlin Liang , Jun Zhang , Lu Lu , Zejun Ma

In this work, we investigated the teacher-student training paradigm to train a fully learnable multi-channel acoustic model for far-field automatic speech recognition (ASR). Using a large offline teacher model trained on beamformed audio,…

Sound · Computer Science 2020-05-05 Sanna Wager , Aparna Khare , Minhua Wu , Kenichi Kumatani , Shiva Sundaram

Existing research suggests that automatic speech recognition (ASR) models can benefit from additional contexts (e.g., contact lists, user specified vocabulary). Rare words and named entities can be better recognized with contexts. In this…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-07-16 Ruizhe Huang , Mahsa Yarmohammadi , Sanjeev Khudanpur , Daniel Povey

This paper investigates the impact of word-based RNN language models (RNN-LMs) on the performance of end-to-end automatic speech recognition (ASR). In our prior work, we have proposed a multi-level LM, in which character-based and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-08-09 Takaaki Hori , Jaejin Cho , Shinji Watanabe

Large Language Model (LLM)-powered Automatic Speech Recognition (ASR) systems achieve strong performance with limited resources by linking a frozen speech encoder to a pretrained LLM via a lightweight connector. Prior work trains a separate…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Yuchen Zhang , Ravi Shekhar , Haralambos Mouratidis

Despite the success of sequence-to-sequence approaches in automatic speech recognition (ASR) systems, the models still suffer from several problems, mainly due to the mismatch between the training and inference conditions. In the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-03-01 Andros Tjandra , Sakriani Sakti , Satoshi Nakamura

Nowadays, research in speech technologies has gotten a lot out thanks to recently created public domain corpora that contain thousands of recording hours. These large amounts of data are very helpful for training the new complex models…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-05-12 Guillermo Cámbara , Alex Peiró-Lilja , Mireia Farrús , Jordi Luque

Second-pass rescoring is an important component in automatic speech recognition (ASR) systems that is used to improve the outputs from a first-pass decoder by implementing a lattice rescoring or $n$-best re-ranking. While pretraining with a…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-07-13 Liyan Xu , Yile Gu , Jari Kolehmainen , Haidar Khan , Ankur Gandhe , Ariya Rastrow , Andreas Stolcke , Ivan Bulyko

This paper describes AssemblyAI's industrial-scale automatic speech recognition (ASR) system, designed to meet the requirements of large-scale, multilingual ASR serving various application needs. Our system leverages a diverse training…

Energy-based language models (ELMs) parameterize an unnormalized distribution for natural sentences and are radically different from popular autoregressive language models (ALMs). As an important application, ELMs have been successfully…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-05-30 Hong Liu , Zhaobiao Lv , Zhijian Ou , Wenbo Zhao , Qing Xiao

Building a high quality automatic speech recognition (ASR) system with limited training data has been a challenging task particularly for a narrow target population. Open-sourced ASR systems, trained on sufficient data from adults, are…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-11-18 Liu Chen , Meysam Asgari

This paper is a study of performance-efficiency trade-offs in pre-trained models for automatic speech recognition (ASR). We focus on wav2vec 2.0, and formalize several architecture designs that influence both the model performance and its…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-09-15 Felix Wu , Kwangyoun Kim , Jing Pan , Kyu Han , Kilian Q. Weinberger , Yoav Artzi

Automatic speech recognition (ASR) training can utilize multiple experts as teacher models, each trained on a specific domain or accent. Teacher models may be opaque in nature since their architecture may be not be known or their training…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-01-29 Aakriti Agrawal , Milind Rao , Anit Kumar Sahu , Gopinath Chennupati , Andreas Stolcke

Text to speech (TTS) and automatic speech recognition (ASR) are two dual tasks in speech processing and both achieve impressive performance thanks to the recent advance in deep learning and large amount of aligned speech and text data.…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-07-28 Yi Ren , Xu Tan , Tao Qin , Sheng Zhao , Zhou Zhao , Tie-Yan Liu

Self-supervised learning (SSL) models have achieved considerable improvements in automatic speech recognition (ASR). In addition, ASR performance could be further improved if the model is dedicated to audio content information learning…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-12-08 Genshun Wan , Tan Liu , Hang Chen , Jia Pan , Cong Liu , Zhongfu Ye

Automatic Speech Recognition (ASR) plays a crucial role in human-machine interaction and serves as an interface for a wide range of applications. Traditionally, ASR performance has been evaluated using Word Error Rate (WER), a metric that…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-07-23 Sujith Pulikodan , Sahapthan K , Prasanta Kumar Ghosh , Visruth Sanka , Nihar Desai

Streaming end-to-end speech recognition models have been widely applied to mobile devices and show significant improvement in efficiency. These models are typically trained on the server using transcribed speech data. However, the server…

With 4.5 million hours of English speech from 10 different sources across 120 countries and models of up to 10 billion parameters, we explore the frontiers of scale for automatic speech recognition. We propose data selection techniques to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-11-30 Alex Xiao , Weiyi Zheng , Gil Keren , Duc Le , Frank Zhang , Christian Fuegen , Ozlem Kalinli , Yatharth Saraf , Abdelrahman Mohamed

End-to-end models with auto-regressive decoders have shown impressive results for automatic speech recognition (ASR). These models formulate the sequence-level probability as a product of the conditional probabilities of all individual…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-06-24 Qiujia Li , Yu Zhang , Bo Li , Liangliang Cao , Philip C. Woodland