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This paper studies two potential modifications of XTrace (Epperly et al., SIMAX 45(1):1-23, 2024), a randomized algorithm for estimating the trace of a matrix. The first is a variance reduction step that averages the output of XTrace over…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2025-12-03 Eric Hallman

We consider the task of estimating the trace of a matrix function, ${\rm tr}(f({\bf A}))$, of a large symmetric positive semi-definite matrix ${\bf A}$. This problem arises in multiple applications, including kernel methods and inverse…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2026-03-09 Madhusudan Madhavan , Alen Alexanderian , Arvind K. Saibaba

We study a dynamic version of the implicit trace estimation problem. Given access to an oracle for computing matrix-vector multiplications with a dynamically changing matrix A, our goal is to maintain an accurate approximation to A's trace…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2021-10-27 Prathamesh Dharangutte , Christopher Musco

We present a new trace estimator of the matrix whose explicit form is not given but its matrix multiplication to a vector is available. The form of the estimator is similar to the Hutchison stochastic trace estimator, but instead of the…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2016-06-20 Boram Yoon

This paper is concerned with two improved variants of the Hutch++ algorithm for estimating the trace of a square matrix, implicitly given through matrix-vector products. Hutch++ combines randomized low-rank approximation in a first phase…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2022-05-09 David Persson , Alice Cortinovis , Daniel Kressner

We study the problem of estimating the trace of a matrix $A$ that can only be accessed through matrix-vector multiplication. We introduce a new randomized algorithm, Hutch++, which computes a $(1 \pm \epsilon)$ approximation to $tr(A)$ for…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2021-06-14 Raphael A. Meyer , Cameron Musco , Christopher Musco , David P. Woodruff

We examine the problem of estimating the trace of a matrix $A$ when given access to an oracle which computes $x^\dagger A x$ for an input vector $x$. We make use of the basis vectors from a set of mutually unbiased bases, widely studied in…

Numerical Analysis · Computer Science 2016-08-02 J. K. Fitzsimons , M. A. Osborne , S. J. Roberts , J. F. Fitzsimons

A subspace method is introduced to solve large-scale trace ratio problems. This approach is matrix-free, requiring only the action of the two matrices involved in the trace ratio. At each iteration, a smaller trace ratio problem is…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2024-12-04 G. Ferrandi , M. E. Hochstenbach , M. R. Oliveira

This article presents a randomized matrix-free method for approximating the trace of $f({\bf A})$, where ${\bf A}$ is a large symmetric matrix and $f$ is a function analytic in a closed interval containing the eigenvalues of ${\bf A}$. Our…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2021-03-22 Eric Hallman , Devon Troester

This article is concerned with Monte-Carlo methods for the estimation of the trace of an implicitly given matrix $A$ whose information is only available through matrix-vector products. Such a method approximates the trace by an average of…

Numerical Analysis · Computer Science 2014-08-20 Farbod Roosta-Khorasani , Uri Ascher

We present randomized algorithms for estimating the trace and deter- minant of Hermitian positive semi-definite matrices. The algorithms are based on subspace iteration, and access the matrix only through matrix vector products. We analyse…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2017-02-17 Arvind K. Saibaba , Alen Alexanderian , Ilse C. F. Ipsen

An algorithm for solving nonconvex smooth optimization problems is proposed, analyzed, and tested. The algorithm is an extension of the Trust Region Algorithm with Contractions and Expansions (TRACE) [Math. Prog. 162(1):132, 2017]. In…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2022-04-26 Frank E. Curtis , Qi Wang

The trace of a matrix function f(A), most notably of the matrix inverse, can be estimated stochastically using samples< x,f(A)x> if the components of the random vectors x obey an appropriate probability distribution. However such a…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2021-08-26 Andreas Frommer , Mostafa Nasr Khalil , Gustavo Ramirez-Hidalgo

Hutchinson estimators are widely employed in training divergence-based likelihoods for diffusion models to ensure optimal transport (OT) properties. However, this estimator often suffers from high variance and scalability concerns. To…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-27 Xinyang Liu , Hengrong Du , Wei Deng , Ruqi Zhang

The trace $\tr(q(\ma{L} + q\ma{I})^{-1})$, where $\ma{L}$ is a symmetric diagonally dominant matrix, is the quantity of interest in some machine learning problems. However, its direct computation is impractical if the matrix size is large.…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-09-14 Yusuf Yigit Pilavci , Pierre-Olivier Amblard , Simon Barthelme , Nicolas Tremblay

We present the analysis of two recently proposed noise reduction techniques, Hutch++ and XTrace, both based on inexact deflation. These methods were proven to have a better asymptotic convergence to the solution than the classical…

High Energy Physics - Lattice · Physics 2023-12-15 Alessandro Cotellucci , Agostino Patella

Given an implicit $n\times n$ matrix $A$ with oracle access $x^TA x$ for any $x\in \mathbb{R}^n$, we study the query complexity of randomized algorithms for estimating the trace of the matrix. This problem has many applications in quantum…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2014-05-29 Karl Wimmer , Yi Wu , Peng Zhang

Randomized trace estimation is a popular and well studied technique that approximates the trace of a large-scale matrix $B$ by computing the average of $x^T Bx$ for many samples of a random vector $X$. Often, $B$ is symmetric positive…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2021-05-26 Alice Cortinovis , Daniel Kressner

A number of applications require the computation of the trace of a matrix that is implicitly available through a function. A common example of a function is the inverse of a large, sparse matrix, which is the focus of this paper. When the…

Numerical Analysis · Computer Science 2016-09-07 Lingfei Wu , Jesse Laeuchli , Vassilis Kalantzis , Andreas Stathopoulos , Efstratios Gallopoulos

We develop randomized matrix-free algorithms for estimating partial traces, a generalization of the trace arising in quantum physics and chemistry. Our algorithm improves on the typicality-based approach used in [T. Chen and Y-C. Cheng,…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2024-12-02 Tyler Chen , Robert Chen , Kevin Li , Skai Nzeuton , Yilu Pan , Yixin Wang
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