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The Automated Protein Structure Analysis (APSA) method is used for the classification of supersecondary structures. Basis for the classification is the encoding of three-dimensional (3D) residue conformations into a 16-letter code (3D-1D…

Quantitative Methods · Quantitative Biology 2008-11-24 Sushilee Ranganathan , Dmitry Izotov , Elfi Kraka , Dieter Cremer

Protein Structure Predication from sequences of amino acid has gained a remarkable attention in recent years. Even though there are some prediction techniques addressing this problem, the approximate accuracy in predicting the protein…

Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science · Computer Science 2014-01-14 Pokkuluri Kiran Sree , Inamupudi Ramesh Babu , SSSN Usha Devi N

Background and objective: Stacking is an ensemble machine learning method that averages predictions from multiple other algorithms, such as generalized linear models and regression trees. An implementation of stacking, called super…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2019-08-01 Alexander P. Keil , Daniel Westreich , Jessie K Edwards , Stephen R Cole

Amino acid sequence portrays most intrinsic form of a protein and expresses primary structure of protein. The order of amino acids in a sequence enables a protein to acquire a particular stable conformation that is responsible for the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-08-29 Ashish Ranjan , Md Shah Fahad , David Fernandez-Baca , Akshay Deepak , Sudhakar Tripathi

Stacking is a widely used model averaging technique that asymptotically yields optimal predictions among linear averages. We show that stacking is most effective when model predictive performance is heterogeneous in inputs, and we can…

Methodology · Statistics 2021-10-29 Yuling Yao , Gregor Pirš , Aki Vehtari , Andrew Gelman

AI algorithms have proven to be excellent predictors of protein structure, but whether and how much these algorithms can capture the underlying physics remains an open question. Here, we aim to test this question using the Alphafold2 (AF)…

Biomolecules · Quantitative Biology 2024-07-22 John M Mcbride , Tsvi Tlusty

Protein structure prediction often hinges on multiple sequence alignments (MSAs), which underperform on low-homology and orphan proteins. We introduce PLAME, a lightweight MSA design framework that leverages evolutionary embeddings from…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-29 Hanqun Cao , Xinyi Zhou , Zijun Gao , Chenyu Wang , Xin Gao , Zhi Zhang , Cesar de la Fuente-Nunez , Chunbin Gu , Ge Liu , Pheng-Ann Heng

AlphaFold2 has been hailed as a breakthrough in protein folding. It can rapidly predict protein structures with lab-grade accuracy. However, its implementation does not include the necessary training code. OpenFold is the first trainable…

Proteins perform critical processes in all living systems: converting solar energy into chemical energy, replicating DNA, as the basis of highly performant materials, sensing and much more. While an incredible range of functionality has…

Biomolecules · Quantitative Biology 2021-09-29 Leonardo V. Castorina , Rokas Petrenas , Kartic Subr , Christopher W. Wood

The Gene or DNA sequence in every cell does not control genetic properties on its own; Rather, this is done through translation of DNA into protein and subsequent formation of a certain 3D structure. The biological function of a protein is…

Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science · Computer Science 2019-05-30 Leila Khalatbari , Mohammad Reza Kangavari , Saeid Hosseini , Hongzhi Yin , Ngai-Man Cheung

Cells of diatoms and related algae with complex plastids of red algal origin are highly compartmentalized. These plastids are surrounded by four envelope membranes, which also define the periplastidic compartment (PPC), the space between…

Subcellular Processes · Quantitative Biology 2026-01-28 Ansgar Gruber , Cedar McKay , Miroslav Oborník , Gabrielle Rocap

Proteins are essential to life's processes, underpinning evolution and diversity. Advances in sequencing technology have revealed millions of proteins, underscoring the need for sophisticated pre-trained protein models for biological…

Biomolecules · Quantitative Biology 2024-04-25 Shujian Jiao , Bingxuan Li , Lei Wang , Xiaojin Zhang , Wei Chen , Jiajie Peng , Zhongyu Wei

Composed of amino acid chains that influence how they fold and thus dictating their function and features, proteins are a class of macromolecules that play a central role in major biological processes and are required for the structure,…

Quantitative Methods · Quantitative Biology 2022-07-15 Aaron Wang

Protein structure prediction helps to understand gene translation and protein function, which is of growing interest and importance in structural biology. The AlphaFold model, which used transformer architecture to achieve atomic-level…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-02-07 Shenggan Cheng , Xuanlei Zhao , Guangyang Lu , Jiarui Fang , Zhongming Yu , Tian Zheng , Ruidong Wu , Xiwen Zhang , Jian Peng , Yang You

Deep learning has become a crucial tool in studying proteins. While the significance of modeling protein structure has been discussed extensively in the literature, amino acid types are typically included in the input as a default operation…

Quantitative Methods · Quantitative Biology 2024-07-01 Yang Tan , Lirong Zheng , Bozitao Zhong , Liang Hong , Bingxin Zhou

Protein representation learning is a challenging task that aims to capture the structure and function of proteins from their amino acid sequences. Previous methods largely ignored the fact that not all amino acids are equally important for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-04-02 Ruijie Quan , Wenguan Wang , Fan Ma , Hehe Fan , Yi Yang

A fundamental question in systems biology is the construction and training to data of mathematical models. Logic formalisms have become very popular to model signaling networks because their simplicity allows us to model large systems…

Quantitative Methods · Quantitative Biology 2012-12-27 Santiago Videla , Carito Guziolowski , Federica Eduati , Sven Thiele , Niels Grabe , Julio Saez-Rodriguez , Anne Siegel

The dynamic nature of proteins is crucial for determining their biological functions and properties, for which Monte Carlo (MC) and molecular dynamics (MD) simulations stand as predominant tools to study such phenomena. By utilizing…

Quantitative Methods · Quantitative Biology 2024-03-13 Jiarui Lu , Bozitao Zhong , Zuobai Zhang , Jian Tang

Proteins are sequences of amino acids that serve as the basic building blocks of living organisms. Despite rapidly growing databases documenting structural and functional information for various protein sequences, our understanding of…

Biomolecules · Quantitative Biology 2025-01-06 Weihang Dai

The seminal breakthrough of AlphaFold in protein structure prediction relied on a learned potential energy function parameterized by deep models, in contrast to its successors AlphaFold2 and AlphaFold3, which lack an explicit probabilistic…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-28 Thomas Hamelryck , Kanti V. Mardia