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Cyclic proof systems for Heyting and Peano arithmetic eschew induction axioms by accepting proofs which are finite graphs rather than trees. Proving that such a cyclic proof system coincides with its more conventional variants is often…

Logic · Mathematics 2025-07-29 Graham E. Leigh , Dominik Wehr

Proofs in propositional logic are typically presented as trees of derived formulas or, alternatively, as directed acyclic graphs of derived formulas. This distinction between tree-like vs. dag-like structure is particularly relevant when…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2023-04-11 Albert Atserias , Massimo Lauria

We introduce a cyclic proof system for the two-way alternation-free modal $\mu$-calculus. The system manipulates one-sided Gentzen sequents and locally deals with the backwards modalities by allowing analytic applications of the cut rule.…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2023-07-06 Jan Rooduijn , Yde Venema

An efficient entailment proof system is essential to compositional verification using separation logic. Unfortunately, existing decision procedures are either inexpressive or inefficient. For example, Smallfoot is an efficient procedure but…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2022-10-04 Quang Loc Le , Xuan-Bach D. Le

The $Reflection$ $Calculus$ ($\mathcal{\mathbf{RC}}$) is the fragment of the polymodal logic $\mathcal{\mathbf{GLP}}$ in the language $L^+$ whose formulas are built up from $\top$ and propositional variables using conjunction and diamond…

In this paper we investigate the complexity-theoretical aspects of cyclic and non-wellfounded proofs in the context of parsimonious logic, a variant of linear logic where the exponential modality ! is interpreted as a constructor for…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2025-09-12 Matteo Acclavio , Gianluca Curzi , Giulio Guerrieri

We address generating theorems from a given set of axioms, without proof goal, aiming at value from a mathematical point of view or as lemmas for automated proving. As benchmark, we convert a fragment of the Metamath database set.mm. Our…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2026-02-18 Christoph Wernhard

Guarded Kleene Algebra with Tests (GKAT for short) is an efficient fragment of Kleene Algebra with Tests, suitable for reasoning about simple imperative while-programs. Following earlier work by Das and Pous on Kleene Algebra, we study GKAT…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2024-05-14 Jan Rooduijn , Dexter Kozen , Alexandra Silva

Infinitary and cyclic proof systems are proof systems for logical formulas with fixed-point operators or inductive definitions. A cyclic proof system is a restriction of the corresponding infinitary proof system. Hence, these proof systems…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2024-10-30 Hiromasa Hori , Koji Nakazawa , Makoto Tatsuta

We propose a general proof technique to show that a predicate is sound, that is, prevents stuck computation, with respect to a big-step semantics. This result may look surprising, since in big-step semantics there is no difference between…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2020-03-26 Francesco Dagnino , Viviana Bono , Elena Zucca , Mariangiola Dezani-Ciancaglini

This paper shows that a variety of software model-checking algorithms can be seen as proof-search strategies for a non-standard proof system, known as a cyclic proof system. Our use of the cyclic proof system as a logical foundation of…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2021-11-11 Takeshi Tsukada , Hiroshi Unno

Model-based robust control requires not only accurate nominal models but also systematic uncertainty representations to guarantee stability and performance. However, constructing polytopic uncertainty models typically demands multiple…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-05-14 Hiroshi Okajima , Shun Shirahama , Tatsunori Hayashi , Nobutomo Matsunaga

We study cyclic proof systems for $\mu\mathsf{PA}$, an extension of Peano arithmetic by positive inductive definitions that is arithmetically equivalent to the (impredicative) subsystem of second-order arithmetic $\Pi^1_2$-$\mathsf{CA}_0$…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2025-07-18 Gianluca Curzi , Lukas Melgaard

In this paper we present a proof system that operates on graphs instead of formulas. Starting from the well-known relationship between formulas and cographs, we drop the cograph-conditions and look at arbitrary undirected) graphs. This…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2023-06-22 Matteo Acclavio , Ross Horne , Lutz Straßburger

Dependent Object Types (DOT) is intended to be a core calculus for modelling Scala. Its distinguishing feature is abstract type members, fields in objects that hold types rather than values. Proving soundness of DOT has been surprisingly…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2017-06-14 Marianna Rapoport , Ifaz Kabir , Paul He , Ondřej Lhoták

Uncovering causal relationships is a fundamental problem across science and engineering. However, most existing causal discovery methods assume acyclicity and direct access to the system variables -- assumptions that fail to hold in many…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-24 Muralikrishnna G. Sethuraman , Faramarz Fekri

The framework of cyclic proof systems provides a reasonable proof system for logics with inductive definitions. It also offers an effective automated proof search procedure for such logics without finding induction hypotheses. Recent…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2025-03-06 Yukihiro Oda , Daisuke Kimura

In a recent paper we introduced a new framework for the study of call by need computations to normal form and root-stable form in term rewriting. Using elementary tree automata techniques and ground tree transducers we obtained simple…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2011-11-29 Irène Durand , Aart Middeldorp

We present an alternative cyclic proof system for Peano arithmetic that could be simpler than the existing ones and well-adapted both for proof analysis and for automatizing inductive proof search. In addition, we will show how various…

Logic · Mathematics 2025-02-11 Lev D. Beklemishev , Daniyar S. Shamkanov , Ivan N. Smirnov

We propose a local model-checking proof system for a fragment of CTL. The rules of the proof system are motivated by the well-known fixed-point characterisation of CTL based on unfolding of the temporal operators. To guarantee termination…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2023-09-12 Georg Friedrich Schuppe , Dilian Gurov