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We study the reliability of mass estimates obtained for molecular cloud cores using sub-millimetre and infrared dust emission. We use magnetohydrodynamic simulations and radiative transfer to produce synthetic observations with spatial…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2015-05-20 J. Malinen , M. Juvela , D. C. Collins , T. Lunttila , P. Padoan

Understanding the physical properties of star-forming cores as mass reservoirs for protostars, and the impact of turbulence, is crucial in star formation studies. We implemented passive tracer particles in clump-scale numerical simulations…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2025-01-08 Shingo Nozaki , Hajime Fukushima , Kazuki Tokuda , Masahiro N. Machida

Hot cores characterized by rich lines of complex organic molecules are considered as ideal sites for investigating the physical and chemical environments of massive star formation. We present a search for hot cores by using typical…

We study star formation in the Center Ridge 1 (CR1) clump in the Vela C giant molecular cloud, selected as a high column density region that shows the lowest level of dust continuum polarization angle dispersion, likely indicating that the…

Stars form through the gravitational collapse of molecular cloud cores. Before collapsing, the cores are supported by thermal pressure and turbulent motions. A question of critical importance for the understanding of star formation is how…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2021-03-31 Nannan Yue , Yang Gao , Di Li , Liubin Pan

Context: Stars form in the cold dense cores of interstellar molecular clouds and the detailed knowledge of the spectrum of masses of such cores is clearly a key for the understanding of the origin of the IMF. To date, observations have…

Astrophysics · Physics 2011-06-21 J. Alves , M. Lombardi , C. Lada

In this study, we investigate how physical properties, such as the density and temperature profiles, evolve on core scales through the evolutionary sequence during high-mass star formation ranging from protostars in cold infrared dark…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2023-06-21 Caroline Gieser , Henrik Beuther , Dmitry Semenov , Aida Ahmadi , Thomas Henning , Molly R. A. Wells

Dense cores are the simplest star-forming sites that we know, but despite their simplicity, they still hold a number of mysteries that limit our understanding of how solar-type stars form. ALMA promises to revolutionize our knowledge of…

Astrophysics · Physics 2008-11-26 M. Tafalla

The present study aims at characterizing the massive star forming region G35.20N, which is found associated with at least one massive outflow and contains multiple dense cores, one of them recently found associated with a Keplerian rotating…

We present a new method for assessing the intrinsic 3D shape of prestellar cores from molecular column densities. We have employed hydrodynamic simulations of contracting, isothermal cores considering three intrinsic geometries: spherical,…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2016-02-17 A. Tritsis , K. Tassis , K. Willacy

We investigate prestellar core formation and accretion based on three-dimensional hydrodynamic simulations. Our simulations represent local $\sim 1$pc regions within giant molecular clouds where a supersonic turbulent flow converges,…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-10 Munan Gong , Eve C. Ostriker

Hot cores are small ($\lesssim$0.1 pc), dense ($\geq$10$^6$ cm$^{-3}$), and hot ($>$100 K) regions around massive protostars and are one of the main production sites of complex organic molecules (COMs, $\geq6$ atoms, including carbon). The…

Filamentary molecular clouds are an essential intermediate stage in the star formation process. To test whether these structures are universal throughout cosmic star formation history, it is crucial to study low-metallicity environments…

We analyze an ensemble of simulated prestellar cores to facilitate interpretation of structure, kinematics, and lifetime of observed cores. While our theory predicts a "characteristic" density for star formation, it also predicts that the…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2025-09-10 Sanghyuk Moon , Eve C. Ostriker

To deepen our understanding of star-forming properties, we studied a massive protocluster IRAS 15596-5301 using ALMA 870 um and 3 mm data. High-resolution 870 um data reveal 34 dense cores, including 3 hot molecular cores, with subsequent…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2026-02-02 Faxian Chang , Mengyao Tang , Tie Liu , Luis A. Zapata , Dongting Yang , Yaping Peng , Chao Zhang , Fengwei Xu , Y. H. Chen , Shujie Li , Meng Ruan

We study the core mass function (CMF) of the massive protocluster G286.21+0.17 with the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array via 1.3~mm continuum emission at a resolution of 1.0\arcsec\ (2500~au). We have mapped a field of…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2018-02-14 Yu Cheng , Jonathan C. Tan , Mengyao Liu , Shuo Kong , Wanggi Lim , Morten Andersen , Nicola Da Rio

We use simulated images of star-forming regions to explore the effects of various image acquisition techniques on the derived clump mass function. In particular, we focus on the effects of finite image angular resolution, the presence of…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2015-05-19 M. A. Reid , J. Wadsley , N. Petitclerc , A. Sills

[Abridged] The detection of the rotational lines of CO in proto-galaxies in the early Universe provides one of the most promising ways of probing the fundamental physical properties of a galaxy, such as its size, dynamical mass, gas…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-11 T. R. Greve , J. Sommer-Larsen

New ALMA observations of protoplanetary disks allow us to probe planet formation in other systems, giving us new constraints on planet formation processes. Meanwhile, studies of our own Solar System rely on constraints derived in a…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2022-03-14 C. Bergez-Casalou , B. Bitsch , N. T. Kurtovic , P. Pinilla