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In this paper, we study the problem of multi-band (frequency-variant) covariance interpolation with a particular emphasis towards massive MIMO applications. In a massive MIMO system, the communication between each BS with $M \gg 1$ antennas…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2018-01-12 Saeid Haghighatshoar , Mahdi Barzegar Khalilsarai , Giuseppe Caire

In wideband near-field arrays, frequency-dependent array responses cause wavefronts at different frequencies to deviate from that at the center frequency, producing beam squint and degrading multi-user performance. True-time-delay (TTD)…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-11-12 Cixiao Zhang , Yin Xu , Xinghao Guo , Xiaowu Ou , Dazhi He , Wenjun Zhang

In near-field beam focusing for finite-sized arrays, focal shift is a non-negligible issue. The actual focal point often appears closer to the array than the predefined focal distance, significantly degrading the focusing performance of…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-05-13 Jiawang Li , Yingjie Xu , Hanieh Aliakbari

Extremely large antenna arrays (ELAAs) operating in high-frequency bands have spurred the development of near-field communication, driving advancements in beam training and signal processing design. In this work, we present a low-complexity…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-06-27 Zijun Wang , Shawn Tsai , Rama Kiran , Rui Zhang

Extremely large-scale antenna arrays are poised to play a pivotal role in sixth-generation (6G) networks. Utilizing such arrays often results in a near-field spherical wave transmission environment, enabling the generation of focused beams,…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-07-31 Qianyu Yang , Anna Guerra , Francesco Guidi , Nir Shlezinger , Haiyang Zhang , Davide Dardari , Baoyun Wang , Yonina C. Eldar

This paper investigates the near-field (NF) channel estimation (CE) for extremely large-scale multiple-input multiple-output (XL-MIMO) systems. Considering the pronounced NF effects in XL-MIMO communications, we first establish a joint…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-12-23 Zhenzhou Jin , Li You , Derrick Wing Kwan Ng , Xiang-Gen Xia , Xiqi Gao

This paper considers a fully-connected interference network with a relay in which multiple users equipped with a single antenna want to exchange multiple unicast messages with other users in the network by sharing the relay equipped with…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2013-02-05 Namyoon Lee , Robert W. Heath

The use of high-frequency bands, combined with antenna arrays containing an extremely large number of elements (XL-MIMO), is pushing current technology to its limits in terms of hardware complexity, latency, and power consumption. A…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-12-05 Mattia Fabiani , Giulia Torcolacci , Davide Dardari

This letter investigates the optimal antenna spacing for a near-field XL-MIMO communication system from the perspective of the array gain. Specifically, using the Green's function-based channel model, the letter analyzes the channel…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-01-14 Xianzhe Chen , Hong Ren , Cunhua Pan , Zhangjie Peng , Jiangzhou Wang

Full-duplex (FD) radios at base station (BS) have gained significant interest because of their ability to simultaneously transmit and receive signals on the same frequency band. However, FD communication is hindered by self-interference…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-11-18 Shreya Khisa , Ali Amhaz , Mohamed Elhattab , Chadi Assi , Sanaa Sharafeddine

In two-tier networks -- comprising a conventional cellular network overlaid with shorter range hotspots (e.g. femtocells, distributed antennas, or wired relays) -- with universal frequency reuse, the near-far effect from cross-tier…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2016-11-17 Vikram Chandrasekhar , Marios Kountouris , Jeffrey G. Andrews

We consider a cooperative non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) network in which a full-duplex (FD) multi-antenna relay assists transmission from a base station (BS) to a set of far users with poor channel conditions, while at the same time…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2017-08-15 Zahra Mobini , Mohammadali Mohammadi , Himal A. Suraweera , Zhiguo Ding

This letter studies how the imperfect resolution of near-field beamforming, the key feature of near-field communications, can be used to improve the throughput and connectivity of wireless networks. In particular, a hybrid non-orthogonal…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2023-11-07 Zhiguo Ding , H. Vincent Poor

The recent development of the massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) paradigm, has been extensively based on the pursuit of favorable propagation: in the asymptotic limit, the channel vectors become nearly orthogonal and inter-user…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2015-03-03 Christos Masouros , Michail Matthaiou

Extremely Large-scale MIMO (XL-MIMO) systems operating in Near-Field (NF) introduce new degrees of freedom for accurate source localisation, but make dense arrays impractical. Sparse or distributed arrays can reduce hardware complexity…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-02-03 Baptiste Sambon , Gilles Monnoyer , Luc Vandendorpe , Claude Oestges

Millimeter wave (mmWave) communication in typical wearable and data center settings is short range. As the distance between the transmitter and the receiver in short range scenarios can be comparable to the length of the antenna arrays, the…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2019-07-12 Nitin Jonathan Myers , Jarkko Kaleva , Antti Tölli , Robert W. Heath

Extremely large-scale multiple-input-multiple-output (XL-MIMO) with hybrid precoding is a promising technique to meet the high data rate requirements for future 6G communications. To realize efficient hybrid precoding, it is essential to…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2022-01-20 Mingyao Cui , Linglong Dai

The prior works on near-field target localization have mostly assumed ideal hardware models and thus suffer from two limitations in practice. First, extremely large-scale arrays (XL-arrays) usually face a variety of hardware impairments…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-12-29 Jiapeng Li , Changsheng You , Chao Zhou , Yong Zeng , Zhiyong Feng

In this paper we investigate the performance of mobile user connectivity in femtocell/macrocell networks. The femto user equipment (FUE) can connect to femto access point (FAP) with low communication range rather than higher communication…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2015-03-13 Saied M. Abd El-atty , Z. M. Gharsseldien

The unconventionally large aperture of extremely large-scale multiple-input multiple-output (XL-MIMO) arrays, in conjunction with the wider bandwidths in the upper-6 GHz (U6G) frequency bands, will very likely lead to non-negligible beam…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-05-12 Zhizheng Lu , Yu Han , Xiaojie Li , Shi Jin , Michail Matthaiou