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G-Brownian motion has a very rich and interesting new structure which nontrivially generalizes the classical one. Its quadratic variation process is also a continuous process with independent and stationary increments. We prove a…

Probability · Mathematics 2020-05-08 Li-Xin Zhang

We consider a stationary sequence $(X_n)$ constructed by a multiple stochastic integral and an infinite-measure conservative dynamical system. The random measure defining the multiple integral is non-Gaussian, infinitely divisible and has a…

Probability · Mathematics 2021-03-15 Shuyang Bai

The de Moivre-Laplace theorem is a special case of the central limit theorem for Bernoulli random variables, and can be proved by direct computation. We deduce the central limit theorem for any random variable with finite variance from the…

Probability · Mathematics 2021-10-29 Calvin Wooyoung Chin

Statistical inference for non-stationary data is hindered by the failure of classical central limit theorems (CLTs), not least because there is no fixed Gaussian limit to converge to. To resolve this, we introduce relative weak convergence,…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2025-10-28 Nicolai Palm , Thomas Nagler

This is an expository review paper elaborating on the proof of the martingale functional central limit theorem (FCLT). This paper also reviews tightness and stochastic boundedness, highlighting one-dimensional criteria for tightness used in…

Probability · Mathematics 2007-12-27 Ward Whitt

We establish self-norming central limit theorems for non-stationary time series arising as observations on sequential maps possessing an indifferent fixed point. These transformations are obtained by perturbing the slope in the…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2016-09-28 Matthew Nicol , Andrew Török , Sandro Vaienti

We establish finite-dimensional central limit theorems for local, additive, interaction functions of temporally evolving point processes. The dynamics are those of a spatial Poisson process on the flat torus with points subject to a…

Probability · Mathematics 2026-01-26 Efe Onaran , Omer Bobrowski , Robert J. Adler

Central limit theorems and asymptotic properties of the minimum-contrast estimators of the drift parameter in linear stochastic evolution equations driven by fractional Brownian motion are studied. Both singular ($H < \frac{1}{2})$ and…

Probability · Mathematics 2019-02-13 Pavel Kriz , Bohdan Maslowski

In a paper of Jason Swanson, a CLT for the sample median of independent Brownian motions with value 0 at 0 was proved. Here we extend this result in two ways. We prove such a result for a collection of self-similar processes which include…

Probability · Mathematics 2013-08-21 James Kuelbs , Joel Zinn

We consider plain vanilla European options written on an underlying asset that follows a continuous time semi-Markov multiplicative process. We derive a formula and a renewal type equation for the martingale option price. In the case in…

Probability · Mathematics 2021-08-06 Enrico Scalas , Bruno Toaldo

We prove a functional limit theorem for Markov chains that, in each step, move up or down by a possibly state dependent constant with probability $1/2$, respectively. The theorem entails that the law of every one-dimensional regular…

Probability · Mathematics 2020-05-13 Stefan Ankirchner , Thomas Kruse , Mikhail Urusov

We give general conditions for the central limit theorem and weak convergence to Brownian motion (the weak invariance principle / functional central limit theorem) to hold for observables of compact group extensions of nonuniformly…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2016-08-25 Georg A. Gottwald , Ian Melbourne

We use the martingale convergence method to get the weak convergence theorem on general functionals of partial sums of independent heavy-tailed random variables. The limiting process is the stochastic integral driven by $\alpha-$stable…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2014-11-18 Zhengyan Lin , Hanchao Wang

The typical central limit theorems in high-frequency asymptotics for semimartingales are results on stable convergence to a mixed normal limit with an unknown conditional variance. Estimating this conditional variance usually is a hard…

Probability · Mathematics 2020-03-25 Mathias Vetter

We construct a family of processes, from a single Poisson process, that converges in law to a complex Brownian motion. Moreover, we find realizations of these processes that converge almost surely to the complex Brownian motion, uniformly…

Probability · Mathematics 2015-09-25 Xavier Bardina , Giulia Binotto , Carles Rovira

Some classes of increment martingales, and the corresponding localized classes, are studied. An increment martingale is indexed by the real line and its increment processes are martingales. We focus primarily on the behavior as time goes to…

Probability · Mathematics 2015-03-17 Andreas Basse-O'Connor , Svend-Erik Graversen , Jan Pedersen

Local perturbations of a Brownian motion are considered. As a limit we obtain a non-Markov process that behaves as a reflected Brownian motion on the positive half line until its local time at zero reaches some exponential level, then…

Probability · Mathematics 2017-03-23 Vidyadhar Mandrekar , Andrey Pilipenko

In this paper we estimate the rest of the approximation of a stationary process by a martingale in terms of the projections of partial sums. Then, based on this estimate, we obtain almost sure approximation of partial sums by a martingale…

Probability · Mathematics 2011-05-05 Florence Merlevède , Costel Peligrad , Magda Peligrad

The approximation of integral type functionals is studied for discrete observations of a continuous It\^o semimartingale. Based on novel approximations in the Fourier domain, central limit theorems are proved for $L^2$-Sobolev functions…

Probability · Mathematics 2022-11-08 Randolf Altmeyer

We prove a fluctuating limit theorem of a sequence of super-Brownian motions over $\mbb{R}$ with a single point catalyst. The weak convergence of the processes on the space of Schwarz distributions is established. The limiting process is an…

Probability · Mathematics 2014-10-21 Zenghu Li , Li Wang