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For causal graphs we propose a definition of proper time which for small scales is based on the concept of volume, while for large scales the usual definition of length is applied. The scale where the change from "volume" to "length" occurs…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2011-07-19 Thomas Filk

We study the emergence of Minkowski space-time from a causal network. Differently from previous approaches, we require the network to be topologically homogeneous, so that the metric is derived from pure event-counting. Emergence from…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2016-01-26 Giacomo Mauro D'Ariano , Alessandro Tosini

In this article we extend the notion of metric measure spaces to so-called metric two-level measure spaces (m2m spaces): An m2m space $(X, r, \nu)$ is a Polish metric space $(X, r)$ equipped with a two-level measure $\nu \in…

Probability · Mathematics 2020-04-30 Roland Meizis

We study notions of conjugate points along timelike geodesics in the synthetic setting of Lorentzian (pre-)length spaces, inspired by earlier work for metric spaces by Shankar--Sormani. After preliminary considerations on convergence of…

Differential Geometry · Mathematics 2026-01-16 James D. E. Grant , Michael Kunzinger , Argam Ohanyan , Yasmin Schinnerl , Roland Steinbauer

An important task faced by all approaches of quantum gravity is to incorporate superpositions and quantify quantum uncertainties of spacetime causal relations. We address this task in 2D. By identifying a global $Z_2$ symmetry of 1+1D…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2022-03-03 Ding Jia

Without any analytical assumption we solve the ladder QED2+1 in Minkowski space. Obtained complex fermion propagator exhibits confinement in the sense that it has no pole. Further, we transform Greens functions to the Temporal Euclidean…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2011-06-09 V. Sauli , Z. Batiz

Visual paradoxes like the Penrose staircase present a fundamental tension: locally coherent geometric relationships that cannot be realized globally. Inspired by Penrose's observations connecting such paradoxes to cohomology, we develop a…

Algebraic Topology · Mathematics 2025-07-03 Robert Ghrist , Zoe Cooperband

Layered materials tend to exhibit intriguing crystalline symmetries and topological characteristics based on their two dimensional (2D) geometries and defects. We consider the diffusion dynamics of positively charged ions (cations)…

Materials Science · Physics 2022-04-21 Godwill Mbiti Kanyolo , Titus Masese

Magnitude homology is an $\mathbf{R}^+$-graded homology theory of metric spaces that captures information on the complexity of geodesics. Here we address the question: when are two metric spaces magnitude homology equivalent, in the sense…

Metric Geometry · Mathematics 2026-02-25 Adrián Doña Mateo , Tom Leinster

(Talk given at Strings '93, Berkeley, and at XXVII. Internationales Symposium \"uber Elementarteilchentheorie, Wendisch-Rietz, 1993) We review the superconformal properties of matter coupled to $2d$ gravity, and $W$-extensions thereof. We…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2007-05-23 W. Lerche

Scalar QED is studied with higher order derivatives for the scalar field kinetic energy. A local potential is generated for the gauge field due to the covariant derivatives and the vacuum with non-vanishing expectation value for the scalar…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2015-05-30 Janos Polonyi , Alicja Siwek

We introduce a new framework for molecular graph generation with 3D molecular generative models. Our Synthetic Coordinate Embedding (SyCo) framework maps molecular graphs to Euclidean point clouds via synthetic conformer coordinates and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-18 Mohamed Amine Ketata , Nicholas Gao , Johanna Sommer , Tom Wollschläger , Stephan Günnemann

Given a time function $\tau$ on a spacetime $M$, we define a `null distance function', $\hat{d}_\tau$, built from and closely related to the causal structure of $M$. In basic models with timelike $\nabla \tau$, we show that 1)…

Differential Geometry · Mathematics 2017-03-07 Christina Sormani , Carlos Vega

The null geodesics around the charged black hole spacetimes are investigated in the mimetic gravity framework when Einstein's gravity is coupled to a nonlinear electromagnetic field. The photon paths in nonlinear electrodynamics are…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2023-04-18 M. Haditale , B. Malekolkalami

Isometric class of minimal surfaces in the Euclidean 3-space $\mathbb{R}^3$ has the rigidity: if two simply connected minimal surfaces are isometric, then one of them is congruent to a surface in the specific one-parameter family, called…

Differential Geometry · Mathematics 2023-05-09 Shintaro Akamine

"Ends of hyperbolic 3-manifolds should support canonical Wick Rotations, so they realize effective interactions of their ending globally hyperbolic spacetimes of constant curvature." We develop a consistent sector of WR-rescaling theory in…

Differential Geometry · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Riccardo Benedetti , Francesco Bonsante

We explore the idea of asymptotic silence in causal set theory and find that causal sets approximated by continuum spacetimes exhibit behaviour akin to asymptotic silence. We make use of an intrinsic definition of spatial distance between…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2017-08-02 Astrid Eichhorn , Sebastian Mizera , Sumati Surya

Using the standard Whitney topologies on spaces of Lorentzian metrics, we show that the existence of causal incomplete geodesics is a $C^\infty$-generic feature within the class of spacetimes of a given dimension $n\geq 3$ that are stably…

Differential Geometry · Mathematics 2025-03-21 Ivan Pontual Costa e Silva , Victor Luis Espinoza

Relative self-linking and linking "numbers" for pairs of knots in oriented 3-manifolds are defined in terms of intersection invariants of immersed surfaces in 4-manifolds. The resulting concordance invariants generalize the usual…

Geometric Topology · Mathematics 2014-10-01 Rob Schneiderman

In this thesis we propose and study a theory of ordered locales, a type of point-free space equipped with a preorder structure on its frame of opens. It is proved that the Stone-type duality between topological spaces and locales lifts to a…

General Mathematics · Mathematics 2024-10-07 Nesta van der Schaaf