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Retrieval-augmented generation enhances large language models (LLMs) by incorporating relevant information from external knowledge sources. This enables LLMs to adapt to specific domains and mitigate hallucinations in knowledge-intensive…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-05 Lingxi Zhang , Yue Yu , Kuan Wang , Chao Zhang

Multi-label classification (MLC) offers a more comprehensive semantic understanding of Remote Sensing (RS) imagery compared to traditional single-label classification (SLC). However, obtaining complete annotations for MLC is particularly…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-28 Chenying Liu , Gianmarco Perantoni , Lorenzo Bruzzone , Xiao Xiang Zhu

Previous LLMs-based RL studies typically follow either supervised learning with high annotation costs, or unsupervised paradigms using voting or entropy-based rewards. However, their performance remains far from satisfactory due to the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-22 Zhiyin Yu , Bo Zhang , Qibin Hou , Zhonghai Wu , Xiao Luo , Lei Bai

Existing open set recognition (OSR) methods are typically designed for static scenarios, where models aim to classify known classes and identify unknown ones within fixed scopes. This deviates from the expectation that the model should…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-10 Runqing Yang , Yimin Fu , Changyuan Wu , Zhunga Liu

Wireless sensor networks consist of randomly distributed sensor nodes for monitoring targets or areas of interest. Maintaining the network for continuous surveillance is a challenge due to the limited battery capacity in each sensor.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-03 Ngoc Bui , Phi Le Nguyen , Viet Anh Nguyen , Phan Thuan Do

Semantic segmentation of satellite imagery plays a vital role in land cover mapping and environmental monitoring. However, annotating large-scale, high-resolution satellite datasets is costly and time consuming, especially when covering…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-13 Gadi Hemanth Kumar , Athira Nambiar , Pankaj Bodani

Unsupervised anomaly detection in medical imaging aims to detect and localize arbitrary anomalies without requiring annotated anomalous data during training. Often, this is achieved by learning a data distribution of normal samples and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-01-06 Carsten T. Lüth , David Zimmerer , Gregor Koehler , Paul F. Jaeger , Fabian Isensee , Jens Petersen , Klaus H. Maier-Hein

In this paper, we study a sequential decision-making problem, called Adaptive Sampling for Discovery (ASD). Starting with a large unlabeled dataset, algorithms for ASD adaptively label the points with the goal to maximize the sum of…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2023-01-04 Ziping Xu , Eunjae Shim , Ambuj Tewari , Paul Zimmerman

Active learning (AL) aims to optimize model training and reduce annotation costs by selecting the most informative samples for labeling. Typically, AL methods rely on the empirical distribution of labeled data to define the decision…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-23 Hui Xiang , Jinqiao Shi , Ting Zhang , Xiaojie Zhao , Yong Liu , Yong Ma

Deep Learning (DL) is increasingly used in safety-critical applications, raising concerns about its reliability. DL suffers from a well-known problem of lacking robustness, especially when faced with adversarial perturbations known as…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2023-09-06 Wei Huang , Xingyu Zhao , Alec Banks , Victoria Cox , Xiaowei Huang

Distributed multi-party learning provides an effective approach for training a joint model with scattered data under legal and practical constraints. However, due to the quagmire of a skewed distribution of data labels across participants…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-11-01 Maoguo Gong , Yuan Gao , Yue Wu , A. K. Qin

Facial pose estimation refers to the task of predicting face orientation from a single RGB image. It is an important research topic with a wide range of applications in computer vision. Label distribution learning (LDL) based methods have…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-08-22 Zhiwen Cao , Dongfang Liu , Qifan Wang , Yingjie Chen

Wireless network optimization has been becoming very challenging as the problem size and complexity increase tremendously, due to close couplings among network entities with heterogeneous service and resource requirements. By continuously…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2020-01-29 Shimin Gong , Yutong Xie , Jing Xu , Dusit Niyato , Ying-Chang Liang

In recent years, deep learning methods bring incredible progress to the field of object detection. However, in the field of remote sensing image processing, existing methods neglect the relationship between imaging configuration and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-01-19 Nuo Xu , Chunlei Huo , Jiacheng Guo , Yiwei Liu , Jian Wang , Chunhong Pan

Medical image analysis requires substantial labeled data for model training, yet expert annotation is expensive and time-consuming. Active learning (AL) addresses this challenge by strategically selecting the most informative samples for…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-03-06 Ifrat Ikhtear Uddin , Longwei Wang , Xiao Qin , Yang Zhou , KC Santosh

This paper introduces a novel deep metric learning-based semi-supervised regression (DML-S2R) method for parameter estimation problems. The proposed DML-S2R method aims to mitigate the problems of insufficient amount of labeled samples…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-01-24 Adina Zell , Gencer Sumbul , Begüm Demir

Objects in aerial images are typically embedded in complex backgrounds and exhibit arbitrary orientations. When employing oriented bounding boxes (OBB) to represent arbitrary oriented objects, the periodicity of angles could lead to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-07-04 Mingkui Feng , Hancheng Yu , Xiaoyu Dang , Ming Zhou

Scene Graph Generation (SGG) endeavors to predict the relationships between subjects and objects in a given image. Nevertheless, the long-tail distribution of relations often leads to biased prediction on coarse labels, presenting a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-11-27 Qishen Chen , Jianzhi Liu , Xinyu Lyu , Lianli Gao , Heng Tao Shen , Jingkuan Song

Anomaly detection attempts at finding examples that deviate from the expected behaviour. Usually, anomaly detection is tackled from an unsupervised perspective because anomalous labels are rare and difficult to acquire. However, the lack of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-01-10 Lorenzo Perini , Daniele Giannuzzi , Jesse Davis

As one of the most challenging and practical segmentation tasks, open-world semantic segmentation requires the model to segment the anomaly regions in the images and incrementally learn to segment out-of-distribution (OOD) objects,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-05-18 Hexin Dong , Zifan Chen , Mingze Yuan , Yutong Xie , Jie Zhao , Fei Yu , Bin Dong , Li Zhang