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Arguably, the two most popular accelerated or momentum-based optimization methods in machine learning are Nesterov's accelerated gradient and Polyaks's heavy ball, both corresponding to different discretizations of a particular second order…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2020-12-25 Guilherme França , Jeremias Sulam , Daniel P. Robinson , René Vidal

This note considers the momentum method by Polyak and the accelerated gradient method by Nesterov, both without line search but with fixed step length applied to strictly convex quadratic functions assuming that exact gradients are used and…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2022-12-14 Melinda Hagedorn , Florian Jarre

In this paper, we apply acceleration to the inverse-free preconditioned Krylov subspace method introduced by Golub and Ye, which solves the symmetric generalized eigenvalue problem for the algebraically smallest eigenvalue. As the method is…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2026-03-24 Michelle Baker , Sara Pollock

In a Hilbertian framework, for the minimization of a general convex differentiable function $f$, we introduce new inertial dynamics and algorithms that generate trajectories and iterates that converge fastly towards the minimizer of $f$…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2021-04-27 Hedy Attouch , Szilard Laszlo

We consider two high-order tuners that have been shown to have accelerated performance, one based on Polyak's heavy ball method and another based on Nesterov's acceleration method. We show that parameter estimates are bounded and converge…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2022-09-15 Yingnan Cui , Anuradha M. Annaswamy

Convergence analysis of Nesterov's accelerated gradient method has attracted significant attention over the past decades. While extensive work has explored its theoretical properties and elucidated the intuition behind its acceleration, a…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-07-08 Jun Liu

We present a unified convergence analysis for first order convex optimization methods using the concept of strong Lyapunov conditions. Combining this with suitable time scaling factors, we are able to handle both convex and strong convex…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2021-08-03 Long Chen , Hao Luo

Mirror descent plays a crucial role in constrained optimization and acceleration schemes, along with its corresponding low-resolution ordinary differential equations (ODEs) framework have been proposed. However, the low-resolution ODEs are…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2023-08-11 Ya-xiang Yuan , Yi Zhang

Lyapunov functions play a fundamental role in analyzing the stability and convergence properties of optimization methods. In this paper, we propose a novel and straightforward approach for constructing Lyapunov functions for first-order…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2024-01-12 Daniil Merkulov , Ivan Oseledets

In this paper, we revisit the convergence of the Heavy-ball method, and present improved convergence complexity results in the convex setting. We provide the first non-ergodic O(1/k) rate result of the Heavy-ball algorithm with constant…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2018-11-12 Tao Sun , Penghang Yin , Dongsheng Li , Chun Huang , Lei Guan , Hao Jiang

In smooth strongly convex optimization, knowledge of the strong convexity parameter is critical for obtaining simple methods with accelerated rates. In this work, we study a class of methods, based on Polyak steps, where this knowledge is…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2020-07-06 Mathieu Barré , Adrien Taylor , Alexandre d'Aspremont

Acceleration and momentum are the de facto standard in modern applications of machine learning and optimization, yet the bulk of the work on implicit regularization focuses instead on unaccelerated methods. In this paper, we study the…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2022-01-21 Yue Sheng , Alnur Ali

This paper provides a rigorous convergence rate and complexity analysis for a recently introduced framework, called PDE acceleration, for solving problems in the calculus of variations, and explores applications to obstacle problems. PDE…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2019-07-31 Jeff Calder , Anthony Yezzi

In this work, we show that the heavy-ball ($\HB$) method provably does not reach an accelerated convergence rate on smooth strongly convex problems. More specifically, we show that for any condition number and any choice of algorithmic…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-10-10 Baptiste Goujaud , Adrien Taylor , Aymeric Dieuleveut

Iterative gradient-based optimization algorithms are widely used to solve difficult or large-scale optimization problems. There are many algorithms to choose from, such as gradient descent and its accelerated variants such as Polyak's Heavy…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2023-09-21 Bryan Van Scoy , Laurent Lessard

This paper establishes global convergence and provides global bounds of the convergence rate of the Heavy-ball method for convex optimization problems. When the objective function has Lipschitz-continuous gradient, we show that the Cesaro…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2014-12-24 Euhanna Ghadimi , Hamid Reza Feyzmahdavian , Mikael Johansson

Heavy-ball momentum with decaying learning rates is widely used with SGD for optimizing deep learning models. In contrast to its empirical popularity, the understanding of its theoretical property is still quite limited, especially under…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-03-19 Rui Pan , Yuxing Liu , Xiaoyu Wang , Tong Zhang

Polyak's Heavy Ball (PHB; Polyak, 1964), a.k.a. Classical Momentum, and Nesterov's Accelerated Gradient (NAG; Nesterov, 1983) are well-established momentum-descent methods for optimization. Although the latter generally outperforms the…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-08-01 Cédric M. Campos , David Martín de Diego , José Torrente

Recently, {\it stochastic momentum} methods have been widely adopted in training deep neural networks. However, their convergence analysis is still underexplored at the moment, in particular for non-convex optimization. This paper fills the…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2016-05-06 Tianbao Yang , Qihang Lin , Zhe Li

We propose a new method to accelerate the convergence of optimization algorithms. This method simply adds a power coefficient $\gamma\in[0,1)$ to the gradient during optimization. We call this the Powerball method and analyze the…

Systems and Control · Computer Science 2019-09-24 Ye Yuan , Mu Li , Jun Liu , Claire J. Tomlin