English
Related papers

Related papers: Tunable robustness in power-law inference

200 papers

Noisy data are often viewed as a challenge for decision-making. This paper studies a distributionally robust optimization (DRO) that shows how such noise can be systematically incorporated. Rather than applying DRO to the noisy empirical…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-09-03 Chung-Han Hsieh , Rong Gan

This paper studies distributionally robust optimization for a rich class of risk measures with ambiguity sets defined by $\phi$-divergences. The risk measures are allowed to be non-linear in probabilities, are represented by Choquet…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-04-15 Guanyu Jin , Roger J. A. Laeven , Dick den Hertog

We study a hypothesis testing problem in which data is compressed distributively and sent to a detector that seeks to decide between two possible distributions for the data. The aim is to characterize all achievable encoding rates and…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2011-02-01 Md. Saifur Rahman , Aaron B. Wagner

Statisticians have recently developed propensity score methods to improve generalizations from randomized experiments that do not employ random sampling. However, these methods typically rely on assumptions whose plausibility may be…

Methodology · Statistics 2019-11-14 Wendy Chan

Estimations of physical parameters using data usually involve non-uniform experimental efficiencies. In this article, a method of maximum likelihood fit is introduced using the efficiency as a weight, while the probability distribution…

Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability · Physics 2023-08-31 Chenxu Yu , Yanxi Zhang

Accurate reconstruction of probability density functions (PDFs) from data is essential in engineering applications. Classical global moment-based polynomial approximations often suffer from oscillations, instability in the tails, and…

General Mathematics · Mathematics 2026-03-03 Meltem Turan , Joakim Munkhammar

Likelihood-based inferences have been remarkably successful in wide-spanning application areas. However, even after due diligence in selecting a good model for the data at hand, there is inevitably some amount of model misspecification:…

Methodology · Statistics 2024-09-12 Miheer Dewaskar , Christopher Tosh , Jeremias Knoblauch , David B. Dunson

We introduce a methodology for robust Bayesian estimation with robust divergence (e.g., density power divergence or {\gamma}-divergence), indexed by a single tuning parameter. It is well known that the posterior density induced by robust…

Methodology · Statistics 2022-07-04 Shouto Yonekura , Shonosuke Sugasawa

The value of the likelihood is occasionally used by high energy physicists as a statistic to measure goodness-of-fit in unbinned maximum likelihood fits. Simple examples are presented that illustrate why this (seemingly intuitive) method…

Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability · Physics 2014-11-18 Joel Heinrich

Least-squares fits are an important tool in many data analysis applications. In this paper, we review theoretical results, which are relevant for their application to data from counting experiments. Using a simple example, we illustrate the…

Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability · Physics 2019-06-07 Hans Dembinski , Michael Schmelling , Roland Waldi

The likelihood function represents statistical evidence in the context of data and a probability model. Considerable theory has demonstrated that evidence strength for different parameter values can be interpreted from the ratio of…

Applications · Statistics 2016-11-17 Zeynep Baskurt , Lisa Strug

Natural language data follows a power-law distribution, with most knowledge and skills appearing at very low frequency. While a common intuition suggests that reweighting or curating data towards a uniform distribution may help models…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-28 Zixuan Wang , Xingyu Dang , Jason D. Lee , Kaifeng Lyu

This article aims to introduce the paradigm of distributional robustness from the field of convex optimization to tackle optimal design problems under uncertainty. We consider realistic situations where the physical model, and thereby the…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-07-30 Charles Dapogny , Julien Prando , Boris Thibert

Mixed-effects logistic regression is widely used for binary outcomes in hierarchical data, yet formal goodness-of-fit tests remain limited to random-intercept models and do not address sparse cluster settings. We extend a grouping-based…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-04-22 Ariel Linden

In many practical applications, such as fraud detection, credit risk modeling or medical decision making, classification models for assigning instances to a predefined set of classes are required to be both precise as well as interpretable.…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2021-09-27 Jakob Raymaekers , Wouter Verbeke , Tim Verdonck

We analyze gradient descent with randomly weighted data points in a linear regression model, under a generic weighting distribution. This includes various forms of stochastic gradient descent, importance sampling, but also extends to…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-12-12 Gabriel Clara , Yazan Mash'al

The observation of gravitational-wave signals from merging black-hole binaries enables direct measurement of the properties of the black holes. An individual observation allows measurement of the black-hole masses, but only limited…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2018-12-12 Vaibhav Tiwari , Stephen Fairhurst , Mark Hannam

Probabilistic models analyze data by relying on a set of assumptions. Data that exhibit deviations from these assumptions can undermine inference and prediction quality. Robust models offer protection against mismatch between a model's…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2018-06-20 Yixin Wang , Alp Kucukelbir , David M. Blei

We show how recent results by Bening and Korolev in the context of estimation, when linked with a classical result of Fisher concerning the negative binomial distribution, can be used to explain the ubiquity of power law probability…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2009-11-11 C. Vignat , A. Plastino

Combining machine learning with econometric analysis is becoming increasingly prevalent in both research and practice. A common empirical strategy involves the application of predictive modeling techniques to 'mine' variables of interest…

Econometrics · Economics 2020-12-22 Mochen Yang , Edward McFowland , Gordon Burtch , Gediminas Adomavicius