English
Related papers

Related papers: Improving Power by Conditioning on Less in Post-se…

200 papers

In contemporary problems involving genetic or neuroimaging data, thousands of hypotheses need to be tested. Due to their high power, and finite sample guarantees on type-I error under weak assumptions, Monte Carlo permutation tests are…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-09-01 Lasse Fischer , Timothy Barry , Aaditya Ramdas

This paper proposes a novel testing procedure for selecting a sparse set of covariates that explains a large dimensional panel. Our selection method provides correct false detection control while having higher power than existing…

Econometrics · Economics 2023-03-09 Markus Pelger , Jiacheng Zou

Many testing problems are readily amenable to randomised tests such as those employing data splitting. However despite their usefulness in principle, randomised tests have obvious drawbacks. Firstly, two analyses of the same dataset may…

Methodology · Statistics 2024-09-05 F. Richard Guo , Rajen D. Shah

Extracting maximal information from experimental data requires access to the likelihood function, which however is never directly available for complex experiments like those performed at high energy colliders. Theoretical predictions are…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2023-08-11 Siyu Chen , Alfredo Glioti , Giuliano Panico , Andrea Wulzer

Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) often include subgroup analyses to assess whether treatment effects vary across pre-specified patient populations. However, these analyses frequently suffer from small sample sizes which limit the power…

Adapting the final sample size of a trial to the evidence accruing during the trial is a natural way to address planning uncertainty. Designs with adaptive sample size need to account for their optional stopping to guarantee strict type-I…

We study the problem of detecting change points (CPs) that are characterized by a subset of dimensions in a multi-dimensional sequence. A method for detecting those CPs can be formulated as a two-stage method: one for selecting relevant…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2018-03-05 Yuta Umezu , Ichiro Takeuchi

This article presents an algorithm that generates a conservative confidence interval of a specified length and coverage probability for the power of a Monte Carlo test (such as a bootstrap or permutation test). It is the first method that…

Computation · Statistics 2013-03-13 Axel Gandy , Patrick Rubin-Delanchy

This paper introduces an open-ended sequential algorithm for computing the p-value of a test using Monte Carlo simulation. It guarantees that the resampling risk, the probability of a different decision than the one based on the theoretical…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2013-07-30 Axel Gandy

Genetic investigations often involve the testing of vast numbers of related hypotheses simultaneously. To control the overall error rate, a substantial penalty is required, making it difficult to detect signals of moderate strength. To…

Methodology · Statistics 2010-10-25 Kathryn Roeder , Larry Wasserman

We propose robust methods for inference on the effect of a treatment variable on a scalar outcome in the presence of very many controls. Our setting is a partially linear model with possibly non-Gaussian and heteroscedastic disturbances.…

Methodology · Statistics 2017-10-05 Alexandre Belloni , Victor Chernozhukov , Christian Hansen

Purpose: In recent years Monte-Carlo sampling methods, such as Monte Carlo tree search, have achieved tremendous success in model free reinforcement learning. A combination of the so called upper confidence bounds policy to preserve the…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2011-10-24 Boris Mitavskiy , Jonathan Rowe , Chris Cannings

Recent advances in artificial intelligence have enabled the generation of large-scale, low-cost predictions with increasingly high fidelity. As a result, the primary challenge in statistical inference has shifted from data scarcity to data…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2026-02-12 Shirong Xu , Will Wei Sun

For randomized trials that use text as an outcome, traditional approaches for assessing treatment impact require that each document first be manually coded for constructs of interest by trained human raters. This process, the current…

Methodology · Statistics 2024-08-05 Reagan Mozer , Luke Miratrix

To perform inference after model selection, we propose controlling the selective type I error; i.e., the error rate of a test given that it was performed. By doing so, we recover long-run frequency properties among selected hypotheses…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2017-04-19 William Fithian , Dennis Sun , Jonathan Taylor

Selective inference (post-selection inference) is a methodology that has attracted much attention in recent years in the fields of statistics and machine learning. Naive inference based on data that are also used for model selection tends…

Methodology · Statistics 2021-11-25 Yoshiyuki Ninomiya , Yuta Umezu , Ichiro Takeuchi

We consider a statistical test whose p-value can only be approximated using Monte Carlo simulations. We are interested in deciding whether the p-value for an observed data set lies above or below a given threshold such as 5%. We want to…

Methodology · Statistics 2019-10-10 Dong Ding , Axel Gandy , Georg Hahn

Bonferroni's correction is a popular tool to address multiplicity but is notorious for its low power when tests are dependent. This paper proposes a practical modification of Bonferroni's correction when test statistics are jointly normal…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-02-24 Caleb Hiltunen , Yeonwoo Rho

We propose a dynamic allocation procedure that increases power and efficiency when measuring an average treatment effect in sequential randomized trials exploiting some subjects' previous assessed responses. Subjects arrive sequentially and…

Methodology · Statistics 2021-06-03 Adam Kapelner , Abba Krieger

The Monte Carlo method, proposed by Dell'Amico and Filippone, estimates a password's rank within a probabilistic model for password generation, i.e., it determines the password's strength according to this model. We propose several ideas to…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-08-02 Martin Stanek