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Turbulent pipe flow is still an essentially open area of research, boosted in the last two decades by considerable progress achieved both on the experimental and numerical frontiers, mainly related to the identification and characterization…
Extensive optical measurements of canonical turbulent pipe flows have revealed the existence of structural boundary states (SBSs) -- near-wall low-speed streaks strongly correlated with pairs of counter-rotating quasi-streamwise vortices.…
The simulation of turbulent flow requires many degrees of freedom to resolve all the relevant times and length scales. However, due to the dissipative nature of the Navier-Stokes equations, the long-term dynamics are expected to lie on a…
Turbulent fluid flows exhibit a complex small-scale structure with frequently occurring extreme velocity gradients. Particles probing such swirling and straining regions respond with an intricate shape-dependent orientational dynamics,…
Coherent structures (CS) are known to be part of the foundations of turbulent flow dynamics. For a long time, their appearance was believed to be chaotic and unorganized. However, it has been demonstrated through numerical simulations and…
Numerical and experimental studies of transitional pipe flow have shown the prevalence of coherent flow structures that are dominated by downstream vortices. They attract special attention because they contribute predominantly to the…
In laboratory studies and numerical simulations, we observe clear signatures of unstable time-periodic solutions in a moderately turbulent quasi-two-dimensional flow. We validate the dynamical relevance of such solutions by demonstrating…
Symmetry reduction by the method of slices is applied to pipe flow in order to quotient the stream-wise translation and azimuthal rotation symmetries of turbulent flow states. Within the symmetry-reduced state space, all travelling wave…
Using various techniques from dynamical systems theory, we rigorously study an experimentally validated model by [Barkley et al., Nature, 526:550-553, 2015], which describes the rise of turbulent pipe flow via a PDE system of reduced…
High-dimensional dynamical systems projected onto a reduced-order model cease to be deterministic and are best described by probability distributions in state space. Their equations of motion map onto an evolution operator with a…
Steady states and traveling waves play a fundamental role in understanding hydrodynamic problems. Even when unstable, these states provide the bifurcation-theoretic explanation for the origin of the observed states. In turbulent…
We study numerically a succession of transitions in pipe Poiseuille flow that leads from simple travelling waves to waves with chaotic time-dependence. The waves at the origin of the bifurcation cascade possess a shift-reflect symmetry and…
We study the phenomenon of turbulence initiation in pipe flow under different noise structures by estimating the probability of initiating metastable transitions. We establish lower bounds on turbulence transition probabilities using…
Abrupt transition to turbulence may occur in pipe and channel flows at moderate flow rates, an unexpected event according to linear stability theory, and has been an open problem in fluid dynamics for more than a century. Extensive…
Turbulent concentric coaxial (annular) pipe flow is numerically investigated using a stochastic one-dimensional turbulence (ODT) model as a stand-alone tool. The dimensionally reduced ODT domain enables fully resolved numerical simulations…
The experiments by Darbyshire and Mullin (J. Fluid Mech. 289, 83 (1995)) on the transition to turbulence in pipe flow show that there is no sharp border between initial conditions that trigger turbulence and those that do not. We here…
Laminar flows through pipes driven at steady, pulsatile or oscillatory rates undergo a sub-critical transition to turbulence. We carry out an extensive linear non-modal stability analysis of these flows and show that for sufficiently high…
Transitional localised turbulence in shear flows is known to either decay to an absorbing laminar state or proliferate via splitting. The average passage times from one state to the other depend super-exponentially on the Reynolds number…
A central obstacle to understanding the route to turbulence in wall-bounded flows is that the flows are composed of complex, highly fluctuating, and strongly nonlinear states. In the case of pipe flow, models have deepened our understanding…
The purpose of this contribution is to summarize and discuss recent advances regarding the onset of turbulence in shear flows. The absence of a clear cut instability mechanism, the spatio-temporal intermittent character and extremely long…