English
Related papers

Related papers: Unbiased estimation and asymptotically valid infer…

200 papers

Mendelian randomization (MR) is an epidemiological method that can be used to strengthen causal inference regarding the relationship between a modifiable environmental exposure and a medically relevant trait and to estimate the magnitude of…

Quantitative Methods · Quantitative Biology 2023-08-30 David M Evans , George Davey Smith , Gunn-Helen Moen

Our approach to Mendelian Randomization (MR) analysis is designed to increase reproducibility of causal effect "discoveries" by: (i) using a Bayesian approach to inference; (ii) replacing the point null hypothesis with a region of practical…

Methodology · Statistics 2022-08-11 Linyi Zou , Teresa Fazia , Hui Guo , Carlo Berzuini

Mendelian randomization (MR) is a powerful approach to examine the causal relationships between health risk factors and outcomes from observational studies. Due to the proliferation of genome-wide association studies (GWASs) and abundant…

Methodology · Statistics 2020-09-02 Qing Cheng , Baoluo Sun , Yingcun Xia , Jin Liu

In the past decade, the increased availability of genome-wide association studies summary data has popularized Mendelian Randomization (MR) for conducting causal inference. MR analyses, incorporating genetic variants as instrumental…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-08-26 Zhongming Xie , Wanheng Zhang , Jingshen Wang , Chong Wu

Mendelian Randomisation (MR) uses genetic variants as instrumental variables to infer causal effects of exposures on an outcome. One key assumption of MR is that the genetic variants used as instrumental variables are independent of the…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-02-21 Maximilian M Mandl , Anne-Laure Boulesteix , Stephen Burgess , Verena Zuber

The Mann-Whitney-Wilcoxon rank sum test (MWWRST) is a widely used method for comparing two treatment groups in randomized control trials, particularly when dealing with highly skewed data. However, when applied to observational study data,…

Methods have been developed for Mendelian randomization that can obtain consistent causal estimates while relaxing the instrumental variable assumptions. These include multivariable Mendelian randomization, in which a genetic variant may be…

Methodology · Statistics 2017-08-02 Jessica M. B. Rees , Angela Wood , Stephen Burgess

Health disparity research often evaluates health outcomes across demographic subgroups. Multilevel regression and poststratification (MRP) is a popular approach for small subgroup estimation due to its ability to stabilize estimates by…

Methodology · Statistics 2023-06-26 Katherine Li , Yajuan Si

Our Bayesian approach to Mendelian Randomisation uses multiple instruments to assess the putative causal effect of an exposure on an outcome. The approach is robust to violations of the (untestable) Exclusion Restriction condition, and…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2017-02-01 Carlo Berzuini , Hui Guo , Stephen Burgess , Luisa Bernardinelli

Estimating conditional average treatment effects (CATEs) from observational data is relevant in many fields such as personalized medicine. However, in practice, the treatment assignment is usually confounded by unobserved variables and thus…

Methodology · Statistics 2023-01-24 Dennis Frauen , Stefan Feuerriegel

Micro-randomized trials (MRTs) are increasingly used to evaluate mobile health interventions with binary proximal outcomes. Standard inverse probability weighting (IPW) estimators are unbiased but unstable in small samples or under extreme…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-10-10 Jinho Cha , Eunchan Cha

The recent availability of huge, many-dimensional data sets, like those arising from genome-wide association studies (GWAS), provides many opportunities for strengthening causal inference. One popular approach is to utilize these…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2020-12-21 Ioan Gabriel Bucur , Tom Claassen , Tom Heskes

Multivariable Mendelian Randomization (MVMR) estimates the direct causal effects of multiple risk factors on an outcome using genetic variants as instruments. The growing availability of summary-level genetic data has created opportunities…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-11-18 Yinxiang Wu , Neil M. Davies , Ting Ye

We expand Mendelian Randomization (MR) methodology to deal with randomly missing data on either the exposure or the outcome variable, and furthermore with data from nonindependent individuals (eg components of a family). Our method rests on…

Evaluating the causal effect of an intervention on multivariate outcomes is challenging when the outcomes are interdependent and derived rather than directly observed. Effective connectivity, which summarizes the directional neural…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-04-02 Haiyue Song , Ani Eloyan , Youjin Lee

Multivariate meta-analysis (MMA) is a powerful tool for jointly estimating multiple outcomes' treatment effects. However, the validity of results from MMA is potentially compromised by outcome reporting bias (ORB), or the tendency for…

Applications · Statistics 2021-10-19 Ray Bai , Xiaokang Liu , Lifeng Lin , Yulun Liu , Stephen E. Kimmel , Haitao Chu , Yong Chen

The instrumental variable (IV) design is a common approach to address hidden confounding bias. For validity, an IV must impact the outcome only through its association with the treatment. In addition, IV identification has required a…

Inverse probability of treatment weighting (IPTW) is a popular propensity score (PS)-based approach to estimate causal effects in observational studies at risk of confounding bias. A major issue when estimating the PS is the presence of…

Multivariable Mendelian randomization estimates the causal effect of multiple exposures on an outcome, typically using summary statistics of genetic variant associations. However, exposures of interest in Mendelian randomization…

Methodology · Statistics 2022-03-17 Jiazheng Zhu , Stephen Burgess , Andrew J. Grant

Multilevel regression and poststratification (MRP) is a popular method for addressing selection bias in subgroup estimation, with broad applications across fields from social sciences to public health. In this paper, we examine the…

Methodology · Statistics 2023-03-06 Yajuan Si