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Imputation of missing data is a common application in various classification problems where the feature training matrix has missingness. A widely used solution to this imputation problem is based on the lazy learning technique, $k$-nearest…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2020-02-26 Arkopal Choudhury , Michael R. Kosorok

This paper provides clear and practical guidance on the specification of imputation models when multiple imputation is used in conjunction with doubly robust estimation methods for causal inference. Through theoretical arguments and…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-12-19 Lucy D'Agostino McGowan

Multiple imputation (MI) is an established technique to handle missing data in observational studies. Joint modeling (JM) and fully conditional specification (FCS) are commonly used methods for imputing multilevel clustered data. However,…

Methodology · Statistics 2022-09-28 Mei Dong , Aya Mitani

In this paper we recast the problem of missing values in the covariates of a regression model as a latent Gaussian Markov random field (GMRF) model in a fully Bayesian framework. Our proposed approach is based on the definition of the…

Computation · Statistics 2019-12-24 Virgilio Gómez-Rubio , Michela Cameletti , Marta Blangiardo

When using multiple imputation (MI) for missing data, maintaining compatibility between the imputation model and substantive analysis is important for avoiding bias. For example, some causal inference methods incorporate an outcome model…

Exposure to air pollution is associated with increased morbidity and mortality. Recent technological advancements permit the collection of time-resolved personal exposure data. Such data are often incomplete with missing observations and…

Missing values are largely inevitable in gene expression microarray studies. Data sets often have significant omissions due to individuals dropping out of experiments, errors in data collection, image corruptions, and so on. Missing data…

Quantitative Methods · Quantitative Biology 2018-09-18 Marie Li

Modern datasets commonly feature both substantial missingness and many variables of mixed data types, which present significant challenges for estimation and inference. Complete case analysis, which proceeds using only the observations with…

Methodology · Statistics 2023-04-10 Joseph Feldman , Daniel R. Kowal

Clustered competing risks data are commonly encountered in multicenter studies. The analysis of such data is often complicated due to informative cluster size, a situation where the outcomes under study are associated with the size of the…

Methodology · Statistics 2021-04-26 Wenxian Zhou , Giorgos Bakoyannis , Ying Zhang , Constantin T. Yiannoutsos

Missing data frequently arises across diverse domains, including time-series and image domains. In the real world, missing occurrences often depend on the unobservable values themselves, which are referred to as Missing Not at Random…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Gyuwon Sim , Sumin Lee , Heesun Bae , Byeonghu Na , Doyun Kwon , Ju-Hee Hwang , Jae-Young Lim , Il-Chul Moon

Due to complex experimental settings, missing values are common in biomedical data. To handle this issue, many methods have been proposed, from ignoring incomplete instances to various data imputation approaches. With the recent rise of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-05-14 Kristian Miok , Dong Nguyen-Doan , Marko Robnik-Šikonja , Daniela Zaharie

In modern large-scale observational studies, data collection constraints often result in partially labeled datasets, posing challenges for reliable causal inference, especially due to potential labeling bias and relatively small size of the…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-04-22 Yuqian Zhang , Abhishek Chakrabortty , Jelena Bradic

This study investigates the impact of masking strategies on time series imputation models in healthcare settings. While current approaches predominantly rely on random masking for model evaluation, this practice fails to capture the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-05 Linglong Qian , Yiyuan Yang , Wenjie Du , Jun Wang , Richard Dobsoni , Zina Ibrahim

Electronic health records (EHR) are characterized as non-stationary, heterogeneous, noisy, and sparse data; therefore, it is challenging to learn the regularities or patterns inherent within them. In particular, sparseness caused mostly by…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-03-03 Eunji Jun , Ahmad Wisnu Mulyadi , Jaehun Choi , Heung-Il Suk

Multiple imputation is widely used to handle missing data. Although Rubin's combining rule is simple, it is not clear whether or not the standard multiple imputation inference is consistent when coupled with the commonly-used full sample…

Methodology · Statistics 2023-01-03 Qian Guan , Shu Yang

Missing data is a crucial issue when applying machine learning algorithms to real-world datasets. Starting from the simple assumption that two batches extracted randomly from the same dataset should share the same distribution, we leverage…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2020-07-02 Boris Muzellec , Julie Josse , Claire Boyer , Marco Cuturi

The problem of monotone missing data has been broadly studied during the last two decades and has many applications in different fields such as bioinformatics or statistics. Commonly used imputation techniques require multiple iterations…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-09-25 Thu Nguyen , Duy H. M. Nguyen , Huy Nguyen , Binh T. Nguyen , Bruce A. Wade

We propose to learn latent graphical models when data have mixed variables and missing values. This model could be used for further data analysis, including regression, classification, ranking etc. It also could be used for imputing missing…

Methodology · Statistics 2015-11-17 Xiao Li , Jinzhu Jia , Yuan Yao

Incomplete observability of data generates an identification problem. There is no panacea for missing data. What one can learn about a population parameter depends on the assumptions one finds credible to maintain. The credibility of…

Econometrics · Economics 2022-05-17 Charles F. Manski

It has long been a recognized problem that many datasets contain significant levels of missing numerical data. A potentially critical predicate for application of machine learning methods to datasets involves addressing this problem.…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-04-04 Wenrui Li , Xiaoyu Wang , Yuetian Sun , Snezana Milanovic , Mark Kon , Julio Enrique Castrillon-Candas