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Masked Autoencoders (MAEs) have emerged as a powerful pretraining technique for vision foundation models. Despite their effectiveness, they require extensive hyperparameter tuning (masking ratio, patch size, encoder/decoder layers) when…

We report the development of XASdb, a large database of computed reference X-ray absorption spectra (XAS), and a novel Ensemble-Learned Spectra IdEntification (ELSIE) algorithm for the matching of spectra. XASdb currently hosts more than…

Autoencoders (AE) are simple yet powerful class of neural networks that compress data by projecting input into low-dimensional latent space (LS). Whereas LS is formed according to the loss function minimization during training, its…

Information about the structure and composition of biopsy specimens can assist in disease monitoring and diagnosis. In principle, this can be acquired from Raman and infrared (IR) hyperspectral images (HSIs) that encode information about…

Nuclei instance segmentation in histopathological images is of great importance for biological analysis and cancer diagnosis but remains challenging for two reasons. (1) Similar visual presentation of intranuclear and extranuclear regions…

The discovery of new materials is often constrained by the need for large labelled datasets or expensive simulations. In this study, we explore the use of Disentangling Autoencoders (DAEs) to learn compact and interpretable representations…

Sparse Autoencoders (SAEs) are a powerful dictionary learning technique for decomposing neural network activations, translating the hidden state into human ideas with high semantic value despite no external intervention or guidance.…

Sparse autoencoders (SAEs) have recently become central tools for interpretability, leveraging dictionary learning principles to extract sparse, interpretable features from neural representations whose underlying structure is typically…

In healthcare, medical image segmentation is crucial for accurate disease diagnosis and the development of effective treatment strategies. Early detection can significantly aid in managing diseases and potentially prevent their progression.…

Network security threats in embedded systems pose significant challenges to critical infrastructure protection. This paper presents a comprehensive framework combining ensemble learning methods with explainable artificial intelligence (XAI)…

Time-resolved X-ray absorption spectroscopy (TR-XAS), based on laser-pump/X-ray probe method, is powerful in capturing the change of geometrical and electronic structure of the absorbing atom upon excitation. TR-XAS data analysis is…

In the last few years there have been important advancements in generative models with the two dominant approaches being Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs) and Variational Autoencoders (VAEs). However, standard Autoencoders (AEs) and…

Recent studies have shown that autoencoder-based models can achieve superior performance on anomaly detection tasks due to their excellent ability to fit complex data in an unsupervised manner. In this work, we propose a novel…

Simultaneous recordings from thousands of neurons across multiple brain areas reveal rich mixtures of activity that are shared between regions and dynamics that are unique to each region. Existing alignment or multi-view methods neglect…

Hyperspectral satellite imagery offers sub-30 m views of Earth in hundreds of contiguous spectral bands, enabling fine-grained mapping of soils, crops, and land cover. While self-supervised Masked Autoencoders excel on RGB and low-band…

Accurate classification of molecular chemical motifs from experimental measurement is an important problem in molecular physics, chemistry and biology. In this work, we present neural network ensemble classifiers for predicting the presence…

By composing graphical models with deep learning architectures, we learn generative models with the strengths of both frameworks. The structured variational autoencoder (SVAE) inherits structure and interpretability from graphical models,…

We propose a multi-resolution convolutional autoencoder (MrCAE) architecture that integrates and leverages three highly successful mathematical architectures: (i) multigrid methods, (ii) convolutional autoencoders and (iii) transfer…

Generative thermal design for complex geometries is fundamental in many areas of engineering, yet it faces two main challenges: the high computational cost of high-fidelity simulations and the limitations of conventional generative models.…

Graph-based semi-supervised learning methods, which deal well with the situation of limited labeled data, have shown dominant performance in practical applications. However, the high dimensionality of hyperspectral images (HSI) makes it…