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Particle-in-Cell (PIC) methods are widely used computational tools for fluid and kinetic plasma modeling. While both the fluid and kinetic PIC approaches have been successfully used to target either kinetic or fluid simulations, little was…

Numerical heating in particle-in-cell (PIC) codes currently precludes the accurate simulation of cold, relativistic plasma over long periods, severely limiting their applications in astrophysical environments. We present a spatially…

We describe an implementation of a particle physics module available for the PLUTO code, appropriate for the dynamical evolution of a plasma consisting of a thermal fluid and a non-thermal component represented by relativistic charged…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2018-05-23 A. Mignone , G. Bodo , B. Vaidya , G. Mattia

A new method that solves concurrently the multi-fluid and Maxwell's equations has been developed for plasma simulations. By calculating the stress tensor in the multi-fluid momentum equation by means of computational particles moving in a…

Computational Physics · Physics 2018-04-04 Stefano Markidis , Pierre Henri , Giovanni Lapenta , Kjell Ronnmark , Maria Hamrin , Zakaria Meliani , Erwin Laure

We introduce an extension of the particle-in-cell (PIC) method that captures the Landau collisional effects in the Vlasov-Maxwell-Landau equations. The method arises from a regularisation of the variational formulation of the Landau…

Plasma Physics · Physics 2024-04-02 Rafael Bailo , José A. Carrillo , Jingwei Hu

With the approach of exascale computing era, particle-based models are becoming the focus of research due to their excellent scalability. We present a new code, Slurm, which implements the classic particle-in-cell algorithm for modeling…

Computational Physics · Physics 2018-12-05 Vyacheslav Olshevsky , Fabio Bacchini , Stefaan Poedts , Giovanni Lapenta

We present a study of the standard plasma physics test, Landau damping, using the Particle-In-Cell (PIC) algorithm. The Landau damping phenomenon consists of the damping of small oscillations in plasmas without collisions. In the PIC…

Plasma Physics · Physics 2023-03-23 Daniel S. Finn , Matthew G. Knepley , Joseph V. Pusztay , Mark F. Adams

The particle-in-cell approach has proven effective at modeling neutron star and black hole magnetospheres from first principles, but global simulations are plagued with an unrealistically small separation between the scales where…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2024-10-09 Adrien Soudais , Benoît Cerutti , Ioannis Contopoulos

There are many interesting physical processes which involve the generation of high density plasmas in large volumes. However, when modeling these systems numerically, the large densities and volumes present a significant computational…

Computational Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 A. E. Schulz , A. D. Greenwood , K. L. Cartwright , P. J. Mardahl

The use of explicit particle-in-cell (PIC) method for relativistic plasma simulations is restricted by numerical heating and instabilities that may significantly constrain the choice of time and space steps. To partially eliminate these…

Plasma Physics · Physics 2024-02-12 Arkady Gonoskov

Modeling multi-scale collisionless magnetized processes constitutes an important numerical challenge. By treating electrons as a fluid and ions kinetically, the so-called hybrid Particle-In-Cell (PIC) codes represent a promising…

We introduce a quasi-static particle-in-cell (PIC) code -- WAND-PIC -- which does not suffer from some of the common limitations of many quasi-static PICs, such as the need for a predictor-corrector method in solving electromagnetic fields.…

Plasma Physics · Physics 2022-04-22 Tianhong Wang , Vladimir Khudik , Jihoon Kim , Gennady Shvets

We present a numerical framework for the simulation of collisional plasma dynamics, based on a coupling between Direct Simulation Monte Carlo (DSMC) and Particle-in-Cell (PIC) methods for the Vlasov-Maxwell-Landau system. The approach…

Computational Physics · Physics 2025-10-28 Andrea Medaglia , Lorenzo Pareschi , Mattia Zanella

Global particle-in-cell (PIC) simulations of pulsar magnetospheres are performed with a volume, surface and pair production-based plasma injection schemes to systematically investigate the transition between electrosphere and force-free…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2024-10-16 Fábio Cruz , Thomas Grismayer , Alexander Y. Chen , Anatoly Spitkovsky , Ricardo A. Fonseca , Luis O. Silva

We describe a new electrostatic Particle-In-Cell (PIC) code in curvilinear geometry called Curvilinear PIC (CPIC). The code models the microscopic (kinetic) evolution of a plasma with the PIC method, coupled with an adaptive computational…

Outstanding advances in solid-state laser technology, employing the optical parametric chirped-pulse-amplification (OPCPA) technique, have led physicists to focus laser pulses to highly-relativistic intensities which led to novel schemes…

Plasma Physics · Physics 2026-01-28 Szilárd Majorosi , Nasr Hafz , Zsolt Lécz

Particle-in-Cell (PIC) methods have achieved widespread recognition as simple and flexible approaches to model collisionless plasma physics in fully kinetic simulations of astrophysical environments. However, in many situations the standard…

We propose a novel deterministic particle method to numerically approximate the Landau equation for plasmas. Based on a new variational formulation in terms of gradient flows of the Landau equation, we regularize the collision operator to…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2020-05-26 Jose A. Carrillo , Jingwei Hu , Li Wang , Jeremy Wu

The particle-in-cell (PIC) method is widely used to model the self-consistent interaction between discrete particles and electromagnetic fields. It has been successfully applied to problems across plasma physics including plasma based…

We present a new magnetohydrodynamic-particle-in-cell (MHD-PIC) code integrated into the Athena++ framework. It treats energetic particles as in conventional PIC codes while the rest of thermal plasmas are treated as background fluid…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2023-05-31 Xiaochen Sun , Xue-Ning Bai
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