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We study cluster-robust inference for logistic regression (logit) models. Inference based on the most commonly-used cluster-robust variance matrix estimator (CRVE) can be very unreliable. We study several alternatives. Conceptually the…

Econometrics · Economics 2025-05-05 James G. MacKinnon , Morten Ørregaard Nielsen , Matthew D. Webb

For linear regression models with cross-section or panel data, it is natural to assume that the disturbances are clustered in two dimensions. However, the finite-sample properties of two-way cluster-robust tests and confidence intervals are…

Econometrics · Economics 2026-03-13 James G. MacKinnon , Morten Ørregaard Nielsen , Matthew D. Webb

We study the gradient wild bootstrap-based inference for instrumental variable quantile regressions in the framework of a small number of large clusters in which the number of clusters is viewed as fixed, and the number of observations for…

Econometrics · Economics 2024-08-21 Wenjie Wang , Yichong Zhang

In this paper I develop a wild bootstrap procedure for cluster-robust inference in linear quantile regression models. I show that the bootstrap leads to asymptotically valid inference on the entire quantile regression process in a setting…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2015-07-15 Andreas Hagemann

Resampling techniques have become increasingly popular for estimation of uncertainty in data collected via surveys. Survey data are also frequently subject to missing data which are often imputed. This note addresses the issue of using…

Methodology · Statistics 2023-11-27 Michael W. Robbins , Lane Burgette , Sebastian Bauhoff

Mixture models are a popular tool in model-based clustering. Such a model is often fitted by a procedure that maximizes the likelihood, such as the EM algorithm. At convergence, the maximum likelihood parameter estimates are typically…

Computation · Statistics 2019-07-23 Adrian O'Hagan , Thomas Brendan Murphy , Luca Scrucca , Isobel Claire Gormley

Covariance matrix estimation, a classical statistical topic, poses significant challenges when the sample size is comparable to or smaller than the number of features. In this paper, we frame covariance matrix estimation as a compound…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-03-04 Huqin Xin , Sihai Dave Zhao

We present correction terms that allow delete-one Jackknife and Bootstrap methods to be used to recover unbiased estimates of the data covariance matrix of the two-point correlation function $\xi\left(\mathbf{r}\right)$. We demonstrate the…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2022-06-14 Faizan G. Mohammad , Will J. Percival

This paper develops distribution theory and bootstrap-based inference methods for a broad class of convex pairwise difference estimators. These estimators minimize a kernel-weighted convex-in-parameter function over observation pairs with…

Econometrics · Economics 2026-05-29 Matias D. Cattaneo , Michael Jansson , Kenichi Nagasawa

We present a fast and robust alternative method to compute covariance matrix in case of cosmology studies. Our method is based on the jackknife resampling applied on simulation mock catalogues. Using a set of 600 BOSS DR11 mock catalogues…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2016-06-02 S. Escoffier , M. -C. Cousinou , A. Tilquin , A. Pisani , A. Aguichine , S. de la Torre , A. Ealet , W. Gillard , E. Jullo

It is common when using cross-section or panel data to assign each observation to a cluster and allow for arbitrary patterns of heteroskedasticity and correlation within clusters. For regression models, there are many ways to make…

Econometrics · Economics 2026-04-03 James G. MacKinnon

We study the wild bootstrap inference for instrumental variable regressions in the framework of a small number of large clusters in which the number of clusters is viewed as fixed and the number of observations for each cluster diverges to…

Econometrics · Economics 2024-01-19 Wenjie Wang , Yichong Zhang

We study the variability of predictions made by bagged learners and random forests, and show how to estimate standard errors for these methods. Our work builds on variance estimates for bagging proposed by Efron (1992, 2012) that are based…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2014-04-01 Stefan Wager , Trevor Hastie , Bradley Efron

Though introduced nearly 50 years ago, the infinitesimal jackknife (IJ) remains a popular modern tool for quantifying predictive uncertainty in complex estimation settings. In particular, when supervised learning ensembles are constructed…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2021-06-11 Wei Peng , Lucas Mentch , Leonard Stefanski

Conformal inference, cross-validation+, and the jackknife+ are hold-out methods that can be combined with virtually any machine learning algorithm to construct prediction sets with guaranteed marginal coverage. In this paper, we develop…

Methodology · Statistics 2021-02-24 Yaniv Romano , Matteo Sesia , Emmanuel J. Candès

The infinitesimal jackknife (IJ) has recently been applied to the random forest to estimate its prediction variance. These theorems were verified under a traditional random forest framework which uses classification and regression trees…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2021-08-05 Cole Brokamp , MB Rao , Patrick Ryan , Roman Jandarov

Obtaining reliable inferences with traditional difference-in-differences (DiD) methods can be difficult. Problems can arise when both outcomes and errors are serially correlated, when there are few clusters or few treated clusters, when…

Econometrics · Economics 2026-02-13 Sunny R. Karim , Morten Ørregaard Nielsen , James G. MacKinnon , Matthew D. Webb

Conventional cluster-robust inference can be invalid when data contain clusters of unignorably large size. We formalize this issue by deriving a necessary and sufficient condition for its validity, and show that this condition is frequently…

Econometrics · Economics 2025-10-07 Harold D. Chiang , Yuya Sasaki , Yulong Wang

We introduce a new Stata package called summclust that summarizes the cluster structure of the dataset for linear regression models with clustered disturbances. The key unit of observation for such a model is the cluster. We therefore…

Econometrics · Economics 2023-11-27 James G. MacKinnon , Morten Ørregaard Nielsen , Matthew D. Webb

Efron [J. Roy. Statist. Soc. Ser. B 54 (1992) 83--111] proposed a computationally efficient method, called the jackknife-after-bootstrap, for estimating the variance of a bootstrap estimator for independent data. For dependent data, a…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2007-06-13 S. N. Lahiri
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