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Explainable AI (XAI) is paramount in industry-grade AI; however existing methods fail to address this necessity, in part due to a lack of standardisation of explainability methods. The purpose of this paper is to offer a perspective on the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-10-26 Othman Benchekroun , Adel Rahimi , Qini Zhang , Tetiana Kodliuk

Spaceborne synthetic aperture radar (SAR) can provide accurate images of the ocean surface roughness day-or-night in nearly all weather conditions, being an unique asset for many geophysical applications. Considering the huge amount of data…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-07-19 Nicolae-Cătălin Ristea , Andrei Anghel , Mihai Datcu , Bertrand Chapron

Explaining deep learning models is essential for clinical integration of medical image analysis systems. A good explanation highlights if a model depends on spurious features that undermines generalization and harms a subset of patients or,…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-08-18 Yoni Schirris , Eric Marcus , Jonas Teuwen , Hugo Horlings , Efstratios Gavves

Symmetric objects are common in daily life and industry, yet their inherent orientation ambiguities that impede the training of deep learning networks for pose estimation are rarely discussed in the literature. To cope with these…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Andreas Kriegler , Csaba Beleznai , Margrit Gelautz

Recently, face recognition systems have demonstrated remarkable performances and thus gained a vital role in our daily life. They already surpass human face verification accountability in many scenarios. However, they lack explanations for…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-02-20 Martin Knoche , Torben Teepe , Stefan Hörmann , Gerhard Rigoll

Convolutional neural networks (CNNs) have been extensively and successfully applied to the task of synthetic aperture radar (SAR) image change detection. However, conventional convolutional layers are inherently limited by their local…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Baogui Huan , Chuanzheng Gong , Dezhong Chen , Feng Gao , Junyu Dong , Qian Du

We are interested in creating an automated or semi-automated system with the capability of taking a set of radar imagery, collection parameters and a priori map and other tactical data, and producing likely interpretations of the possible…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2013-04-12 Tod S. Levitt

Artificial Intelligence (AI) is rapidly integrating into various aspects of our daily lives, influencing decision-making processes in areas such as targeted advertising and matchmaking algorithms. As AI systems become increasingly…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-03-11 Md. Tanzib Hosain , Mehedi Hasan Anik , Sadman Rafi , Rana Tabassum , Khaleque Insia , Md. Mehrab Siddiky

Radar sensors are low cost, long-range, and weather-resilient. Therefore, they are widely used for driver assistance functions, and are expected to be crucial for the success of autonomous driving in the future. In many perception tasks…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-08-12 Mariia Pushkareva , Yuri Feldman , Csaba Domokos , Kilian Rambach , Dotan Di Castro

The need for more transparent face recognition (FR), along with other visual-based decision-making systems has recently attracted more attention in research, society, and industry. The reasons why two face images are matched or not matched…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-07-17 Marco Huber , Naser Damer

Synthetic aperture radar (SAR) images are affected by a spatially-correlated and signal-dependent noise called speckle, which is very severe and may hinder image exploitation. Despeckling is an important task that aims at removing such…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-05-04 Giulia Fracastoro , Enrico Magli , Giovanni Poggi , Giuseppe Scarpa , Diego Valsesia , Luisa Verdoliva

Recently, AI-generated image detection has gained increasing attention, as the rapid advancement of image generation technologies has raised serious concerns about their potential misuse. While existing detection methods have achieved…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-13 Ju Yeon Kang , Jaehong Park , Semin Kim , Ji Won Yoon , Nam Soo Kim

The growing adoption of artificial intelligence in healthcare has raised concerns about the transparency and trustworthiness of AI-driven medical diagnosis systems. Many existing models operate as black boxes, limiting clinicians' ability…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Altynbek Seitenov , Ainur Nurzhanova , Azhar Bekbussinova , Yerassyl Bolatkan

Incoherent processing for synthetic aperture radar (SAR) is a promising approach that enables low implementation costs, simplified hardware designs and operations in high frequency spectrum compared to the conventional imaging methods using…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-06-30 Samia Kazemi , Bariscan Yonel , Birsen Yazici

Explainability features are intended to provide insight into the internal mechanisms of an AI device, but there is a lack of evaluation techniques for assessing the quality of provided explanations. We propose a framework to assess and…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-06-18 Miguel A. Lago , Ghada Zamzmi , Brandon Eich , Jana G. Delfino

Artificial intelligence (AI) systems increasingly support decision-making across critical domains, yet current explainable AI (XAI) approaches prioritize algorithmic transparency over human comprehension. While XAI methods reveal…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-13 Christian Meske , Justin Brenne , Erdi Uenal , Sabahat Oelcer , Ayseguel Doganguen

Automatic Target Recognition (ATR) for military applications is one of the core processes towards enhancing intelligencer and autonomously operating military platforms. Spurred by this and given that Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) presents…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-12-15 O. Kechagias-Stamatis , N. Aouf

We characterize three notions of explainable AI that cut across research fields: opaque systems that offer no insight into its algo- rithmic mechanisms; interpretable systems where users can mathemat- ically analyze its algorithmic…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2017-10-03 Derek Doran , Sarah Schulz , Tarek R. Besold

The recent enthusiasm for artificial intelligence (AI) is due principally to advances in deep learning. Deep learning methods are remarkably accurate, but also opaque, which limits their potential use in safety-critical applications. To…

Explainability is needed to establish confidence in machine learning results. Some explainable methods take a post hoc approach to explain the weights of machine learning models, others highlight areas of the input contributing to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-07-15 Paul Whitten , Francis Wolff , Chris Papachristou
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