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We consider the problem of testing graph cluster structure: given access to a graph $G=(V, E)$, can we quickly determine whether the graph can be partitioned into a few clusters with good inner conductance, or is far from any such graph?…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2018-09-19 Ashish Chiplunkar , Michael Kapralov , Sanjeev Khanna , Aida Mousavifar , Yuval Peres

We study the identification of direct and indirect causes on time series and provide conditions in the presence of latent variables, which we prove to be necessary and sufficient under some graph constraints. Our theoretical results and…

Methodology · Statistics 2020-10-23 Atalanti A. Mastakouri , Bernhard Schölkopf , Dominik Janzing

Statistical significance testing of neural coherence is essential for distinguishing genuine cross-signal coupling from spurious correlations. A widely accepted approach uses surrogate-based inference, where null distributions are generated…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-05-13 Md Rakibul Mowla , Sukhbinder Kumar , Ariane E. Rhone , Brian J. Dlouhy , Christopher K. Kovach

We propose a nonparametric and time-varying directed information graph (TV-DIG) framework to estimate the evolving causal structure in time series networks, thereby addressing the limitations of traditional econometric models in capturing…

Econometrics · Economics 2023-12-29 Jalal Etesami , Ali Habibnia , Negar Kiyavash

The field of causal discovery develops model selection methods to infer cause-effect relations among a set of random variables. For this purpose, different modelling assumptions have been proposed to render cause-effect relations…

Methodology · Statistics 2023-11-09 Daniela Schkoda , Mathias Drton

This PhD thesis contains several contributions to the field of statistical causal modeling. Statistical causal models are statistical models embedded with causal assumptions that allow for the inference and reasoning about the behavior of…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2021-10-05 Martin Emil Jakobsen

Wahl et al. (2016, 2017) introduced the idea of Granger causality (GC) maps for Langevin systems: dynamics are localised linearly at each point in phase space as vector Ornstein-Uhlenbeck (VOU) processes, for which GCs may in principle be…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2026-01-13 Lionel Barnett , Benjamin Wahl , Nadine Spychala , Anil K. Seth

Estimating causal relations is vital in understanding the complex interactions in multivariate time series. Non-linear coupling of variables is one of the major challenges inaccurate estimation of cause-effect relations. In this paper, we…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-10-19 Wasim Ahmad , Maha Shadaydeh , Joachim Denzler

The problem of test of fit for Vector AutoRegressive (VAR) processes with unconditionally heteroscedastic errors is studied. The volatility structure is deterministic but time-varying and allows for changes that are commonly observed in…

Methodology · Statistics 2015-03-19 Valentin Patilea , Hamdi Raïssi

Causal inference uses observations to infer the causal structure of the data generating system. We study a class of functional models that we call Time Series Models with Independent Noise (TiMINo). These models require independent residual…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2016-08-18 Jonas Peters , Dominik Janzing , Bernhard Schölkopf

The dependencies of the lagged (Pearson) correlation function on the coefficients of multivariate autoregressive models are interpreted in the framework of time series graphs. Time series graphs are related to the concept of Granger…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2013-10-22 Jakob Runge

Inferring causal relations from time series measurements is an ill-posed mathematical problem, where typically an infinite number of potential solutions can reproduce the given data. We explore in depth a strategy to disambiguate between…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2020-11-04 George Stepaniants , Bingni W. Brunton , J. Nathan Kutz

Modern health care systems are conducting continuous, automated surveillance of the electronic medical record (EMR) to identify adverse events with increasing frequency; however, many events such as sepsis do not have elucidated prodromes…

Applications · Statistics 2023-05-24 Song Wei , Yao Xie , Christopher S. Josef , Rishikesan Kamaleswaran

Investigating the relationship, particularly the lead-lag effect, between time series is a common question across various disciplines, especially when uncovering biological process. However, analyzing time series presents several…

We develop a novel randomized conjugate gradient least squares (RCGLS) method for solving least-squares problems, in which iterative sketching is employed at each step to reduce the dimension and hence the computational cost. In particular,…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2026-05-26 Yun Zeng , Jian-Feng Cai , Deren Han , Jiaxin Xie

Granger causality is a widely-used criterion for analyzing interactions in large-scale networks. As most physical interactions are inherently nonlinear, we consider the problem of inferring the existence of pairwise Granger causality…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-01-15 Saurabh Khanna , Vincent Y. F. Tan

Estimating causal effects from observational data remains a fundamental challenge in causal inference, especially in the presence of latent confounders. This paper focuses on estimating causal effects in Gaussian Linear Structural Causal…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-09 Aurghya Maiti , Prateek Jain

Identifying latent variables and the causal structure involving them is essential across various scientific fields. While many existing works fall under the category of constraint-based methods (with e.g. conditional independence or rank…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-21 Ignavier Ng , Xinshuai Dong , Haoyue Dai , Biwei Huang , Peter Spirtes , Kun Zhang

At least two recent developments have put the spotlight on some significant gaps in the theory of multivariate time series. The recent interest in the dynamics of networks; and the advent, across a range of applications, of measuring…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2015-01-21 Victor Solo

Overtaking in high-speed autonomous racing demands precise, real-time estimation of collision risk; particularly in wheel-to-wheel scenarios where safety margins are minimal. Existing methods for collision risk estimation either rely on…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-10-02 Trent Weiss , Madhur Behl