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The emergence of federated learning (FL) presents a promising approach to leverage decentralized data while preserving privacy. Furthermore, the combination of FL and anomaly detection is particularly compelling because it allows for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-08-09 Ahmed Anwar , Brian Moser , Dayananda Herurkar , Federico Raue , Vinit Hegiste , Tatjana Legler , Andreas Dengel

Federated Learning is an algorithm suited for training models on decentralized data, but the requirement of a central "server" node is a bottleneck. In this document, we first introduce the notion of Decentralized Federated Learning (DFL).…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-08-10 Zhuofan Zhang , Mi Zhou , Kaicheng Niu , Chaouki Abdallah

Federated Learning (FL) enables decentralised model training across distributed clients without requiring data centralisation. However, the generalisation performance of the global model is usually degraded by data heterogeneity across…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-11 Ozgu Goksu , Nicolas Pugeault

Federated Learning (FL) is a popular algorithm to train machine learning models on user data constrained to edge devices (for example, mobile phones) due to privacy concerns. Typically, FL is trained with the assumption that no part of the…

Federated learning (FL) is proving to be one of the most promising paradigms for leveraging distributed resources, enabling a set of clients to collaboratively train a machine learning model while keeping the data decentralized. The…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-09-12 Mirko Nardi , Lorenzo Valerio , Andrea Passarella

Heterogeneous federated learning (HFL) aims to ensure effective and privacy-preserving collaboration among different entities. As newly joined clients require significant adjustments and additional training to align with the existing…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-29 Kaile Wang , Jiannong Cao , Yu Yang , Xiaoyin Li , Mingjin Zhang

Federated Learning (FL) often suffers from severe performance degradation when faced with non-IID data, largely due to local classifier bias. Traditional remedies such as global model regularization or layer freezing either incur high…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-11 Sunny Gupta , Nikita Jangid , Amit Sethi

Federated learning (FL) is an emerging paradigm for decentralized training of machine learning models on distributed clients, without revealing the data to the central server. The learning scheme may be horizontal, vertical or hybrid (both…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-01-11 Fanfei Meng , Lele Zhang , Yu Chen , Yuxin Wang

Federated learning (FL) has emerged as the predominant approach for collaborative training of neural network models across multiple users, without the need to gather the data at a central location. One of the important challenges in this…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-07-15 Matthias Reisser , Christos Louizos , Efstratios Gavves , Max Welling

Federated learning (FL) enables collaborative training of a global model in the centralized server with data from multiple parties while preserving privacy. However, data heterogeneity can significantly degrade the performance of the global…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-11 Yong Zhang , Feng Liang , Guanghu Yuan , Min Yang , Chengming Li , Xiping Hu

Federated Learning (FL) trains models locally at each research center or clinic and aggregates only model updates, making it a natural fit for medical imaging, where strict privacy laws forbid raw data sharing. A major obstacle is…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-30 Soroosh Safari Loaliyan , Jose-Luis Ambite , Paul M. Thompson , Neda Jahanshad , Greg Ver Steeg

Federated Learning (FL) has been successfully adopted for distributed training and inference of large-scale Deep Neural Networks (DNNs). However, DNNs are characterized by an extremely large number of parameters, thus, yielding significant…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-12-25 Qianyu Long , Christos Anagnostopoulos , Shameem Puthiya Parambath , Daning Bi

Batch Normalization (BN) has been used extensively in deep learning to achieve faster training process and better resulting models. However, whether BN works strongly depends on how the batches are constructed during training and it may not…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2018-10-16 Xiangru Lian , Ji Liu

As a distributed machine learning technique, federated learning (FL) requires clients to collaboratively train a shared model with an edge server without leaking their local data. However, the heterogeneous data distribution among clients…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-07-21 Yu Qiao , Huy Q. Le , Choong Seon Hong

Data normalization is a crucial preprocessing step for enhancing model performance and training stability. In federated learning (FL), where data remains distributed across multiple parties during collaborative model training, normalization…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-11-17 Melih Coşğun , Mert Gençtürk , Sinem Sav

Federated Learning (FL) is an emerging learning scheme that allows different distributed clients to train deep neural networks together without data sharing. Neural networks have become popular due to their unprecedented success. To the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-05-12 Baihe Huang , Xiaoxiao Li , Zhao Song , Xin Yang

Federated learning (FL) presents an effective solution for collaborative model training while maintaining data privacy across decentralized client datasets. However, data quality issues such as noisy labels, missing classes, and imbalanced…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-16 Alpaslan Gokcen , Ali Boyaci

Federated learning (FL) is a distributed learning methodology that allows multiple nodes to cooperatively train a deep learning model, without the need to share their local data. It is a promising solution for telemonitoring systems that…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-07-15 Alaa Awad Abdellatif , Naram Mhaisen , Amr Mohamed , Aiman Erbad , Mohsen Guizani , Zaher Dawy , Wassim Nasreddine

In contrast to centralized model training that involves data collection, federated learning (FL) enables remote clients to collaboratively train a model without exposing their private data. However, model performance usually degrades in FL…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-04-21 Ye Lin Tun , Chu Myaet Thwal , Yu Min Park , Seong-Bae Park , Choong Seon Hong

Federated Learning (FL), as a distributed learning paradigm, trains models over distributed clients' data. FL is particularly beneficial for distributed training of Diffusion Models (DMs), which are high-quality image generators that…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-10 Qianyu Long , Qiyuan Wang , Christos Anagnostopoulos , Daning Bi