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With the ever-growing urgency of sustainability in the economy and society, and the massive stream of information that comes with it, consumers need reliable access to that information. To address this need, companies began publishing so…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-01 Benjamin Josef Schüßler , Jakob Prange

In spite of their superior performance, neural probabilistic language models (NPLMs) remain far less widely used than n-gram models due to their notoriously long training times, which are measured in weeks even for moderately-sized…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2016-06-07 Andriy Mnih , Yee Whye Teh

For high-resource languages like English, text classification is a well-studied task. The performance of modern NLP models easily achieves an accuracy of more than 90% in many standard datasets for text classification in English (Xie et…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-06-06 Dawei Zhu , Michael A. Hedderich , Fangzhou Zhai , David Ifeoluwa Adelani , Dietrich Klakow

Pre-trained Language Models (PLMs), as parametric-based eager learners, have become the de-facto choice for current paradigms of Natural Language Processing (NLP). In contrast, k-Nearest-Neighbor (kNN) classifiers, as the lazy learning…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-06-21 Lei Li , Jing Chen , Bozhong Tian , Ningyu Zhang

Large language models (LLMs) have shown promise in formal theorem proving, but their token-level processing often fails to capture the inherent hierarchical nature of mathematical proofs. We introduce \textbf{Hierarchical Attention}, a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-29 Jianlong Chen , Chao Li , Yang Yuan , Andrew C Yao

Modern language models often have open weights but closed training data. We formalize the problem of data approximation from model weights and propose several baselines and metrics. We develop a gradient-based approach that selects the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-19 John X. Morris , Junjie Oscar Yin , Woojeong Kim , Vitaly Shmatikov , Alexander M. Rush

Recent efforts in bioinformatics have achieved tremendous progress in the machine reading of biomedical literature, and the assembly of the extracted biochemical interactions into large-scale models such as protein signaling pathways.…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2017-09-04 Enrique Noriega-Atala , Marco A. Valenzuela-Escarcega , Clayton T. Morrison , Mihai Surdeanu

Human recursive numeral systems (i.e., counting systems such as English base-10 numerals), like many other grammatical systems, are highly regular. Following prior work that relates cross-linguistic tendencies to biases in learning, we ask…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-30 Andrea Silvi , Ponrawee Prasertsom , Jennifer Culbertson , Devdatt Dubhashi , Moa Johansson , Kenny Smith

Code search engines usually use readability feature to rank code snippets. There are several metrics to calculate this feature, but developers may have different perceptions about readability. Correlation between readability and…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-10-14 Carlos Eduardo C. Dantas , Marcelo A. Maia

Content analysis of scientific publications is a nontrivial task, but a useful and important one for scientific information services. In the Gutenberg era it was a domain of human experts; in the digital age many machine-based methods,…

Digital Libraries · Computer Science 2014-06-12 Ulf Schöneberg , Wolfram Sperber

What can large language models learn? By definition, language models (LM) are distributions over strings. Therefore, an intuitive way of addressing the above question is to formalize it as a matter of learnability of classes of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-01-14 Nadav Borenstein , Anej Svete , Robin Chan , Josef Valvoda , Franz Nowak , Isabelle Augenstein , Eleanor Chodroff , Ryan Cotterell

Recent advances in neural network-based generative modeling have reignited the hopes in having computer systems capable of seamlessly conversing with humans and able to understand natural language. Neural architectures have been employed to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-08-03 Cristina Garbacea , Qiaozhu Mei

Morphological inflection is a popular task in sub-word NLP with both practical and cognitive applications. For years now, state-of-the-art systems have reported high, but also highly variable, performance across data sets and languages. We…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-05-26 Jordan Kodner , Sarah Payne , Salam Khalifa , Zoey Liu

Language students are most engaged while reading texts at an appropriate difficulty level. However, existing methods of evaluating text difficulty focus mainly on vocabulary and do not prioritize grammatical features, hence they do not work…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2017-02-17 Shuhan Wang , Erik Andersen

In the digital era, the exponential growth of scientific publications has made it increasingly difficult for researchers to efficiently identify and access relevant work. This paper presents an automated framework for research article…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-10-08 Shadikur Rahman , Hasibul Karim Shanto , Umme Ayman Koana , Syed Muhammad Danish

A vast amount of scholarly work is published daily, yet much of it remains inaccessible to the general public due to dense jargon and complex language. To address this challenge in science communication, we introduce a reinforcement…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-17 Haining Wang , Jason Clark , Hannah McKelvey , Leila Sterman , Zheng Gao , Zuoyu Tian , Sandra Kübler , Xiaozhong Liu

Learning from a real-world data stream and continuously updating the model without explicit supervision is a new challenge for NLP applications with machine learning components. In this work, we have developed an adaptive learning system…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-06-22 Seid Muhie Yimam , Chris Biemann

Building explainable systems is a critical problem in the field of Natural Language Processing (NLP), since most machine learning models provide no explanations for the predictions. Existing approaches for explainable machine learning…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-06-12 Hui Liu , Qingyu Yin , William Yang Wang

Inflectional variation is a common feature of World Englishes such as Colloquial Singapore English and African American Vernacular English. Although comprehension by human readers is usually unimpaired by non-standard inflections, current…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-05-10 Samson Tan , Shafiq Joty , Lav R. Varshney , Min-Yen Kan

This paper studies interpretable and fair artificial intelligence architectures for understanding English reading. Introduced transformer-based models, integrating advanced attention mechanisms and gradient-based feature attribution. The…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-28 Ping Li