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The blind quantum computing protocols (BQC) enable a classical client with limited quantum technology to delegate a computation to the quantum server(s) in such a way that the privacy of the computation is preserved. Here we present a new…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2014-11-19 Tomoyuki Morimae , Vedran Dunjko , Elham Kashefi

We discuss how blind quantum computing generalizes to multi-level quantum systems (qudits), which offers advantages compared to the qubit approach. Here, a quantum computing task is delegated to an untrusted server while simultaneously…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-04-03 Alena Romanova , Wolfgang Dür

Blind quantum computation allows a client with limited quantum capabilities to interact with a remote quantum computer to perform an arbitrary quantum computation, while keeping the description of that computation hidden from the remote…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2013-12-16 Atul Mantri , Carlos A. Perez-Delgado , Joseph F. Fitzsimons

The future of quantum computing architecture is most likely the one in which a large number of clients are either fully classical or have a very limited quantum capability while a very small number of servers having the capability to…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-03-18 Aman Gupta , Daniel Prasanth , Venkat Chandra Gunja

Known protocols for secure delegation of quantum computations from a client to a server in an information theoretic setting require quantum communication. In this work, we investigate methods to reduce communication overhead. First, we…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-04-25 Abbas Poshtvan , Oleksandra Lapiha , Mina Doosti , Dominik Leichtle , Luka Music , Elham Kashefi

Quantum computing is rapidly advancing toward cloud-based services, raising significant concerns about the privacy and security of computations outsourced to untrusted quantum servers. Universal Blind Quantum Computation (UBQC) protocols…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-08-07 Youngkyung Lee , Doyoung Chung

Quantum technologies hold the promise of not only faster algorithmic processing of data, via quantum computation, but also of more secure communications, in the form of quantum cryptography. In recent years, a number of protocols have…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-12-01 Joseph F. Fitzsimons

Secure multi-party quantum computation (MPQC) protocol is a versatile tool that enables error-free distributed quantum computation to a group of $n$ mutually distrustful quantum nodes even when some of the quantum nodes do not follow the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-11-03 Petr A. Mishchenko , Keita Xagawa

Blind quantum computation (BQC) allows that a client who has limited quantum abilities can delegate quantum computation to a server who has advanced quantum technologies but learns nothing about the client's private information. However, it…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-01-12 Xiaoqian Zhang

Blind quantum computation allows a client without enough quantum technologies to delegate her quantum computation to a remote quantum server, while keeping her input, output and algorithm secure. In this paper, we propose a universal…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-12-07 Hai-Ru Xu , Bang-Hai Wang

As quantum computing matures and moves toward broader accessibility through cloud-based platforms, ensuring the authenticity and integrity of quantum computations becomes an urgent concern. In this work, we propose a strategy to leverage…

Blind quantum computation is an appealing use of quantum information technology because it can conceal both the client's data and the algorithm itself from the server. However, problems need to be solved in the practical use of blind…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-11-23 Chia-Hung Chien , Rodney Van Meter , Sy-Yen Kuo

The universal blind quantum computation protocol (UBQC) (Broadbent, Fitzsimons, Kashefi 2009) enables an almost classical client to delegate a quantum computation to an untrusted quantum server (in form of a garbled quantum computation)…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-04-11 Elham Kashefi , Petros Wallden

The calibration of quantum measurements is limited by the ability to accurately prepare quantum states under unknown device errors. We develop an accurate calibration protocol for the measurement apparatus of a quantum computer that is…

Blind quantum computation (BQC) provides an efficient method for the client who does not have enough sophisticated technology and knowledge to perform universal quantum computation. The single-server BQC protocol requires the client to have…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2013-11-12 Lan Zhou , Yu-Bo Sheng

Measurement-based quantum computing (MBQC) is a promising alternative to traditional circuit-based quantum computing predicated on the construction and measurement of cluster states. Recent work has demonstrated that MBQC provides a more…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-07-15 Michael Newman , Leonardo Andreta de Castro , Kenneth R. Brown

Blind quantum machine learning (BQML) enables a classical client with little quantum technology to delegate a remote quantum machine learning to the quantum server in such a approach that the privacy data is preserved. Here we propose the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-07-28 Yu-Bo Sheng , Lan Zhou

In the early years of fault-tolerant quantum computing (FTQC), it is expected that the available code distance and the number of magic states will be restricted due to the limited scalability of quantum devices and the insufficient…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-03-30 Yasunari Suzuki , Suguru Endo , Keisuke Fujii , Yuuki Tokunaga

Quantum computers are highly vulnerable to noise, necessitating the use of error-correcting codes to protect stored data. Errors must be continuously corrected over time to counteract decoherence using appropriate decoders. Therefore, fast…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-04-03 Diego Forlivesi , Lorenzo Valentini , Marco Chiani

When a universal quantum computer is used by the public, it is assumed that it will be in the form of a quantum cloud server that exists in a few bases due to its cost. In this cloud server, privacy will be a crucial issue, and a blind…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-11-16 Yuichi Sano