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End-to-end speech-to-text translation typically suffers from the scarcity of paired speech-text data. One way to overcome this shortcoming is to utilize the bitext data from the Machine Translation (MT) task and perform Multi-Task Learning…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-15 JungHo Jung , Junhyun Lee

Consistency regularization (CR), which enforces agreement between model predictions on augmented views, has found recent benefits in automatic speech recognition [1]. In this paper, we propose the use of consistency regularization for audio…

Sound · Computer Science 2025-09-15 Shanmuka Sadhu , Weiran Wang

Spoken Language Understanding (SLU) consists of two sub-tasks: intent detection (ID) and slot filling (SF). Given its broad range of real-world applications, enhancing SLU for practical deployment is increasingly critical. Profile-based SLU…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-11-25 Di Wu , Liting Jiang , Ruiyu Fang , Bianjing , Hongyan Xie , Haoxiang Su , Hao Huang , Zhongjiang He , Shuangyong Song , Xuelong Li

Spoken language understanding (SLU) is a structure prediction task in the field of speech. Recently, many works on SLU that treat it as a sequence-to-sequence task have achieved great success. However, This method is not suitable for…

Sound · Computer Science 2025-01-20 Jiliang Hu , Zuchao Li , Mengjia Shen , Haojun Ai , Sheng Li , Jun Zhang

This work investigates spoken language understanding (SLU) systems in the scenario when the semantic information is extracted directly from the speech signal by means of a single end-to-end neural network model. Two SLU tasks are…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-10-29 Natalia Tomashenko , Antoine Caubriere , Yannick Esteve , Antoine Laurent , Emmanuel Morin

Natural language understanding includes the tasks of intent detection (identifying a user's objectives) and slot filling (extracting the entities relevant to those objectives). Prior slot filling methods assume that each intent type cannot…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-05-19 Harshil Shah , Arthur Wilcke , Marius Cobzarenco , Cristi Cobzarenco , Edward Challis , David Barber

Sound event detection is a core module for acoustic environmental analysis. Semi-supervised learning technique allows to largely scale up the dataset without increasing the annotation budget, and recently attracts lots of research…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-02-02 Xiaofei Li

Building the Natural Language Understanding (NLU) modules of task-oriented Spoken Dialogue Systems (SDS) involves a definition of intents and entities, collection of task-relevant data, annotating the data with intents and entities, and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-05-13 Saurav Sahay , Eda Okur , Nagib Hakim , Lama Nachman

Generalization and reliability of multilingual translation often highly depend on the amount of available parallel data for each language pair of interest. In this paper, we focus on zero-shot generalization---a challenging setup that tests…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-04-11 Maruan Al-Shedivat , Ankur P. Parikh

Consistency regularization methods, such as R-Drop (Liang et al., 2021) and CrossConST (Gao et al., 2023), have achieved impressive supervised and zero-shot performance in the neural machine translation (NMT) field. Can we also boost…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-08-29 Pengzhi Gao , Ruiqing Zhang , Zhongjun He , Hua Wu , Haifeng Wang

Sound event detection (SED), as a core module of acoustic environmental analysis, suffers from the problem of data deficiency. The integration of semi-supervised learning (SSL) largely mitigates such problem while bringing no extra…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-01-01 Nian Shao , Erfan Loweimi , Xiaofei Li

Spoken Language Understanding (SLU) plays a crucial role in speech-centric multimedia applications, enabling machines to comprehend spoken language in scenarios such as meetings, interviews, and customer service interactions. SLU…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-07-18 Zhichao Sheng , Shilin Zhou , Chen Gong , Zhenghua Li

State-of-the-art natural language processing systems rely on supervision in the form of annotated data to learn competent models. These models are generally trained on data in a single language (usually English), and cannot be directly used…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-09-14 Alexis Conneau , Guillaume Lample , Ruty Rinott , Adina Williams , Samuel R. Bowman , Holger Schwenk , Veselin Stoyanov

In this paper, we improve Chinese spoken language understanding (SLU) by injecting word information. Previous studies on Chinese SLU do not consider the word information, failing to detect word boundaries that are beneficial for intent…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-03-29 Dechuan Teng , Libo Qin , Wanxiang Che , Sendong Zhao , Ting Liu

Spoken Language Understanding (SLU) mainly involves two tasks, intent detection and slot filling, which are generally modeled jointly in existing works. However, most existing models fail to fully utilize co-occurrence relations between…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-09-17 Yijin Liu , Fandong Meng , Jinchao Zhang , Jie Zhou , Yufeng Chen , Jinan Xu

Consistency regularization is one of the most widely-used techniques for semi-supervised learning (SSL). Generally, the aim is to train a model that is invariant to various data augmentations. In this paper, we revisit this idea and find…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-12-14 Yue Fan , Anna Kukleva , Bernt Schiele

This paper presents a novel approach for multi-task learning of language understanding (LU) and dialogue state tracking (DST) in task-oriented dialogue systems. Multi-task training enables the sharing of the neural network layers…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-11-14 Abhinav Rastogi , Raghav Gupta , Dilek Hakkani-Tur

Recent graph-based models for multi-intent SLU have obtained promising results through modeling the guidance from the prediction of intents to the decoding of slot filling. However, existing methods (1) only model the unidirectional…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-12-08 Bowen Xing , Ivor W. Tsang

Spoken language understanding (SLU) tasks have been studied for many decades in the speech research community, but have not received as much attention as lower-level tasks like speech and speaker recognition. In particular, there are not…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-06-19 Suwon Shon , Siddhant Arora , Chyi-Jiunn Lin , Ankita Pasad , Felix Wu , Roshan Sharma , Wei-Lun Wu , Hung-Yi Lee , Karen Livescu , Shinji Watanabe

Cross-lingual Summarization (CLS) aims at producing a summary in the target language for an article in the source language. Traditional solutions employ a two-step approach, i.e. translate then summarize or summarize then translate.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-10-20 Ruochen Xu , Chenguang Zhu , Yu Shi , Michael Zeng , Xuedong Huang