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Since its inception, the blockchain technology has shown promising application prospects. From the initial cryptocurrency to the current smart contract, blockchain has been applied to many fields. Although there are some studies on the…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-11-05 Xiaoqi Li , Peng Jiang , Ting Chen , Xiapu Luo , Qiaoyan Wen

Blockchain technology and, in particular, blockchain-based cryptocurrencies offer us information that has never been seen before in the financial world. In contrast to fiat currencies, all transactions of crypto-currencies and crypto-tokens…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2019-12-24 Yitao Li , Umar Islambekov , Cuneyt Akcora , Ekaterina Smirnova , Yulia R. Gel , Murat Kantarcioglu

Emergence of crypto-ransomware has significantly changed the cyber threat landscape. A crypto ransomware removes data custodian access by encrypting valuable data on victims' computers and requests a ransom payment to reinstantiate…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2018-08-07 Sajad Homayoun , Ali Dehghantanha , Marzieh Ahmadzadeh , Sattar Hashemi , Raouf Khayami

With the development of blockchain technology, the cryptocurrency based on blockchain technology is becoming more and more popular. This gave birth to a huge cryptocurrency transaction network has received widespread attention. Link…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-08-04 Zhou Yue , Liu ZhiGang , Yuan Ye

Blockchain technology has emerged as one of the most transformative digital innovations of the 21st century. This paper presents a comprehensive review of blockchain's fundamental architecture, tracing its development from Bitcoin's initial…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-05-14 Aditya Pratap Singh

With the more and more extensive application of blockchain, blockchain security has been widely concerned by the society and deeply studied by scholars. Moreover, the security of blockchain data directly affects the security of various…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-07-22 Liehuang Zhu , Baokun Zheng , Meng Shen , Shui Yu , Feng Gao , Hongyu Li , Kexin Shi , Keke Gai

Every year, criminals launder billions of dollars acquired from serious felonies (e.g., terrorism, drug smuggling, or human trafficking) harming countless people and economies. Cryptocurrencies, in particular, have developed as a haven for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-10-06 Joana Lorenz , Maria Inês Silva , David Aparício , João Tiago Ascensão , Pedro Bizarro

Monero is a popular crypto-currency which focuses on privacy. The blockchain uses cryptographic techniques to obscure transaction values as well as a `ring confidential transaction' which seeks to hide a real transaction among a variable…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-01-14 Nathan Borggren , Hyoung-yoon Kim , Lihan Yao , Gary Koplik

The advent of Generative Adversarial Network (GAN) architectures has given anyone the ability of generating incredibly realistic synthetic imagery. The malicious diffusion of GAN-generated images may lead to serious social and political…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-04-17 Nicolò Bonettini , Paolo Bestagini , Simone Milani , Stefano Tubaro

The intriguing law of anomalous numbers, also named Benford's law, states that the significant digits of data follow a logarithmic distribution favoring the smallest values. In this work, we test the compliance with this law of the atomic…

Atomic Physics · Physics 2024-05-30 Jean-Christophe Pain , Yuri Ralchenko

Blockchain represents a technology for establishing a shared, immutable version of the truth between a network of participants that do not trust one another, and therefore has the potential to disrupt any financial or other industries that…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2016-11-02 Marek Laskowski , Henry M. Kim

Big data has generated strong interest in various scientific and engineering domains over the last few years. Despite many advantages and applications, there are many challenges in big data to be tackled for better quality of service, e.g.,…

The rise of blockchain technologies has given a boost to social good projects, which are trying to exploit various characteristic features of blockchains: the quick and inexpensive transfer of cryptocurrency, the transparency of…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2018-11-09 Massimo Bartoletti , Tiziana Cimoli , Livio Pompianu , Sergio Serusi

This article surveys blockchain-based approaches for several security services. These services include authentication, confidentiality, privacy, and access control list (ACL), data and resource provenance, and integrity assurance. All these…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2018-10-23 Tara Salman , Maede Zolanvari , Aiman Erbad , Raj Jain , Mohammed Samaka

Benford's law is an empirical edict stating that the lower digits appear more often than higher ones as the first few significant digits in statistics of natural phenomena and mathematical tables. A marked proportion of such analyses is…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-07-16 Anindita Bera , Utkarsh Mishra , Sudipto Singha Roy , Anindya Biswas , Aditi Sen De , Ujjwal Sen

As the world is rapidly moving towards digitization and money transactions are becoming cashless, the use of credit cards has rapidly increased. The fraud activities associated with it have also been increasing which leads to a huge loss to…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2021-08-24 Pooja Tiwari , Simran Mehta , Nishtha Sakhuja , Jitendra Kumar , Ashutosh Kumar Singh

Cross-chain bridges are essential decentralized applications (DApps) to facilitate interoperability between different blockchain networks. Unlike regular DApps, the functionality of cross-chain bridges relies on the collaboration of…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-03-04 Jiajing Wu , Kaixin Lin , Dan Lin , Bozhao Zhang , Zhiying Wu , Jianzhong Su

Addressing the critical challenge of ensuring data integrity in decentralized systems, this paper delves into the underexplored area of data falsification probabilities within Merkle Trees, which are pivotal in blockchain and Internet of…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-08-08 Oleksandr Kuznetsov , Alex Rusnak , Anton Yezhov , Kateryna Kuznetsova , Dzianis Kanonik , Oleksandr Domin

Blockchain is a novel technology that is rising a lot of interest in the industrial and re- search sectors because its properties of decentralisation, immutability and data integrity. Initially, the underlying consensus mechanism has been…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2018-05-10 Stefano De Angelis

Blockchain is a distributed database which is cryptographically protected against malicious modifications. While promising for a wide range of applications, current blockchain platforms rely on digital signatures, which are vulnerable to…