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For minimizing a strongly convex objective function subject to linear inequality constraints, we consider a penalty approach that allows one to utilize stochastic methods for problems with a large number of constraints and/or objective…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2022-02-16 Meng Li , Paul Grigas , Alper Atamturk

This paper studies simple bilevel problems, where a convex upper-level function is minimized over the optimal solutions of a convex lower-level problem. We first show the fundamental difficulty of simple bilevel problems, that the…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-01-28 Huaqing Zhang , Lesi Chen , Jing Xu , Jingzhao Zhang

On solving a convex-concave bilinear saddle-point problem (SPP), there have been many works studying the complexity results of first-order methods. These results are all about upper complexity bounds, which can determine at most how many…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2018-08-10 Yuyuan Ouyang , Yangyang Xu

Although upper bound guarantees for bilevel optimization have been widely studied, progress on lower bounds has been limited due to the complexity of the bilevel structure. In this work, we focus on the smooth nonconvex-strongly-convex…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-27 Kaiyi Ji

We consider the standard optimistic bilevel optimization problem, in particular upper- and lower-level constraints can be coupled. By means of the lower-level value function, the problem is transformed into a single-level optimization…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2019-12-17 Andreas Fischer , Alain B. Zemkoho , Shenglong Zhou

This paper studies the complexity of finding an $\epsilon$-stationary point for stochastic bilevel optimization when the upper-level problem is nonconvex and the lower-level problem is strongly convex. Recent work proposed the first-order…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2026-03-10 Lesi Chen , Junru Li , El Mahdi Chayti , Jingzhao Zhang

Nonconvex sparse models have received significant attention in high-dimensional machine learning. In this paper, we study a new model consisting of a general convex or nonconvex objectives and a variety of continuous nonconvex…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2020-10-26 Digvijay Boob , Qi Deng , Guanghui Lan , Yilin Wang

We study a class of bilevel convex optimization problems where the goal is to find the minimizer of an objective function in the upper level, among the set of all optimal solutions of an optimization problem in the lower level. A wide range…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2018-09-27 Mostafa Amini , Farzad Yousefian

We consider a scalar objective minimization problem over the solution set of another optimization problem. This problem is known as simple bilevel optimization problem and has drawn a significant attention in the last few years. Our inner…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2018-09-18 Yekini Shehu , Phan Tu Vuong , Alain Zemkoho

This work provides the first finite-time convergence guarantees for linearly constrained stochastic bilevel optimization using only first-order methods, requiring solely gradient information without any Hessian computations or second-order…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-11-18 Cac Phan , Kai Wang

Bilevel optimization has been developed for many machine learning tasks with large-scale and high-dimensional data. This paper considers a constrained bilevel optimization problem, where the lower-level optimization problem is convex with…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-08-22 Siyuan Xu , Minghui Zhu

Convex optimization problems arising in applications often have favorable objective functions and complicated constraints, thereby precluding first-order methods from being immediately applicable. We describe an approach that exchanges the…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2016-02-05 Aleksandr Y. Aravkin , James V. Burke , Dmitriy Drusvyatskiy , Michael P. Friedlander , Scott Roy

We present a new feasible proximal gradient method for constrained optimization where both the objective and constraint functions are given by the summation of a smooth, possibly nonconvex function and a convex simple function. The…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2024-02-01 Digvijay Boob , Qi Deng , Guanghui Lan

In this paper, we study a class of bilevel optimization program (BP), where the feasible set of the lower level program is independent of the upper level variable. For bilevel programs it is known that the first order approach requires the…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2026-02-27 Kuang Bai , Wei Yao , Jane J. Ye , Jin Zhang

This is a tutorial and survey paper on Karush-Kuhn-Tucker (KKT) conditions, first-order and second-order numerical optimization, and distributed optimization. After a brief review of history of optimization, we start with some preliminaries…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2021-10-06 Benyamin Ghojogh , Ali Ghodsi , Fakhri Karray , Mark Crowley

We study bilevel optimization problems where the lower-level problems are strongly convex and have coupled linear constraints. To overcome the potential non-smoothness of the hyper-objective and the computational challenges associated with…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2026-02-06 Wei Shen , Jiawei Zhang , Minhui Huang , Cong Shen

We present in this paper two different classes of general $K$-splitting algorithms for solving finite-dimensional convex optimization problems. Under the assumption that the function being minimized has a Lipschitz continuous gradient, we…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2015-03-13 Donald Goldfarb , Shiqian Ma

We introduce a new form of Lagrangian and propose a simple first-order algorithm for nonconvex optimization with nonlinear equality constraints. We show the algorithm generates bounded dual iterates, and establish the convergence to KKT…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2023-05-10 Jong Gwang Kim

We present in this paper novel accelerated fully first-order methods in \emph{Bilevel Optimization} (BLO). Firstly, for BLO under the assumption that the lower-level functions admit the typical strong convexity assumption, the…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2024-07-10 Chris Junchi Li

When the lower-level optimal solution set-valued mapping of a bilevel optimization problem is not single-valued, we are faced with an ill-posed problem, which gives rise to the optimistic and pessimistic bilevel optimization problems, as…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2024-08-13 Imane Benchouk , Khadra Nachi , Alain Zemkoho