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Foundation models enable prompt-based classifiers for zero-shot and few-shot learning. Nonetheless, the conventional method of employing fixed prompts suffers from distributional shifts that negatively impact generalizability to unseen…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-29 Yingjun Du , Gaowen Liu , Yuzhang Shang , Yuguang Yao , Ramana Kompella , Cees G. M. Snoek

Diffusion models are powerful generative models that simulate the reverse of diffusion processes using score functions to synthesize data from noise. The sampling process of diffusion models can be interpreted as solving the reverse…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-09-30 Beomsu Kim , Jong Chul Ye

Sampling from unnormalized target distributions is a fundamental yet challenging task in machine learning and statistics. Existing sampling algorithms typically require many iterative steps to produce high-quality samples, leading to high…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-17 Pascal Jutras-Dubé , Patrick Pynadath , Ruqi Zhang

Recent breakthroughs in diffusion models have exhibited exceptional image-generation capabilities. However, studies show that some outputs are merely replications of training data. Such replications present potential legal challenges for…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-08-01 Yuxin Wen , Yuchen Liu , Chen Chen , Lingjuan Lyu

The reconstruction of unsteady flow fields from limited measurements is a challenging and crucial task for many engineering applications. Machine learning models are gaining popularity for solving this problem due to their ability to learn…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2026-01-09 Marc Amorós-Trepat , Luis Medrano-Navarro , Qiang Liu , Luca Guastoni , Nils Thuerey

Diffusion models have been successfully adapted to text generation tasks by mapping the discrete text into the continuous space. However, there exist nonnegligible gaps between training and inference, owing to the absence of the forward…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-05-09 Zecheng Tang , Pinzheng Wang , Keyan Zhou , Juntao Li , Ziqiang Cao , Min Zhang

This tutorial provides an in-depth guide on inference-time guidance and alignment methods for optimizing downstream reward functions in diffusion models. While diffusion models are renowned for their generative modeling capabilities,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-01-22 Masatoshi Uehara , Yulai Zhao , Chenyu Wang , Xiner Li , Aviv Regev , Sergey Levine , Tommaso Biancalani

Diffusion models have gradually gained prominence in the field of image synthesis, showcasing remarkable generative capabilities. Nevertheless, the slow inference and complex networks, resulting from redundancy at both temporal and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-04 Xuewen Liu , Zhikai Li , Qingyi Gu

Diffusion probabilistic models can generate high-quality samples. Yet, their sampling process requires numerous denoising steps, making it slow and computationally intensive. We propose to reduce the sampling cost by pruning a pretrained…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-09-25 Alireza Ganjdanesh , Yan Kang , Yuchen Liu , Richard Zhang , Zhe Lin , Heng Huang

Generative models, particularly diffusion models, have made significant success in data synthesis across various modalities, including images, videos, and 3D assets. However, current diffusion models are computationally intensive, often…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-12-10 Yuanzhi Zhu , Hanshu Yan , Huan Yang , Kai Zhang , Junnan Li

Diffusion models can generate a variety of high-quality images by modeling complex data distributions. Trained diffusion models can also be very effective image priors for solving inverse problems. Most of the existing diffusion-based…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-09-01 Nebiyou Yismaw , Ulugbek S. Kamilov , M. Salman Asif

Diffusion probabilistic models (DPMs) have demonstrated a very promising ability in high-resolution image synthesis. However, sampling from a pre-trained DPM is time-consuming due to the multiple evaluations of the denoising network, making…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-18 Wenliang Zhao , Lujia Bai , Yongming Rao , Jie Zhou , Jiwen Lu

Diffusion models have become a successful approach for solving various image inverse problems by providing a powerful diffusion prior. Many studies tried to combine the measurement into diffusion by score function replacement, matrix…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-05-20 Hanyu Chen , Zhixiu Hao , Liying Xiao

Recent approaches have shown promises distilling diffusion models into efficient one-step generators. Among them, Distribution Matching Distillation (DMD) produces one-step generators that match their teacher in distribution, without…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-05-27 Tianwei Yin , Michaël Gharbi , Taesung Park , Richard Zhang , Eli Shechtman , Fredo Durand , William T. Freeman

We present a novel method for exemplar-based image translation, called matching interleaved diffusion models (MIDMs). Most existing methods for this task were formulated as GAN-based matching-then-generation framework. However, in this…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-03-30 Junyoung Seo , Gyuseong Lee , Seokju Cho , Jiyoung Lee , Seungryong Kim

Diffusion models achieve state-of-the-art performance in various generation tasks. However, their theoretical foundations fall far behind. This paper studies score approximation, estimation, and distribution recovery of diffusion models,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-02-15 Minshuo Chen , Kaixuan Huang , Tuo Zhao , Mengdi Wang

Estimating and disentangling epistemic uncertainty, uncertainty that is reducible with more training data, and aleatoric uncertainty, uncertainty that is inherent to the task at hand, is critically important when applying machine learning…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-08 Matthew A. Chan , Maria J. Molina , Christopher A. Metzler

Recent advances in tuning-free personalized image generation based on diffusion models are impressive. However, to improve subject fidelity, existing methods either retrain the diffusion model or infuse it with dense visual embeddings, both…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-03-25 Zhichao Wei , Qingkun Su , Long Qin , Weizhi Wang

Diffusion probabilistic models (DPMs) have shown remarkable performance in high-resolution image synthesis, but their sampling efficiency is still to be desired due to the typically large number of sampling steps. Recent advancements in…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-07-04 Shuchen Xue , Zhaoqiang Liu , Fei Chen , Shifeng Zhang , Tianyang Hu , Enze Xie , Zhenguo Li

Bayesian inference with Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) is challenging when the likelihood function is irregular and expensive to compute. We explore several sampling algorithms that make use of subset evaluations to reduce computational…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-05-16 Conor Rosato , Harvinder Lehal , Simon Maskell , Lee Devlin , Malcolm Strens