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As more distributed energy resources become part of the demand-side infrastructure, it is important to quantify the energy flexibility they provide on a community scale, particularly to understand the impact of geographic, climatic, and…

Increasing amounts of distributed generation in distribution networks can provide both challenges and opportunities for voltage regulation across the network. Intelligent control of smart inverters and other smart building energy management…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2021-10-14 Aisling Pigott , Constance Crozier , Kyri Baker , Zoltan Nagy

The optimization of urban energy systems is crucial for the advancement of sustainable and resilient smart cities, which are becoming increasingly complex with multiple decision-making units. To address scalability and coordination…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-10 Aymen Khouja , Imen Jendoubi , Oumayma Mahjoub , Oussama Mahfoudhi , Ruan De Kock , Siddarth Singh , Claude Formanek

Building upon prior research that highlighted the need for standardizing environments for building control research, and inspired by recently introduced challenges for real life reinforcement learning control, here we propose a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-09-13 Kingsley Nweye , Bo Liu , Peter Stone , Zoltan Nagy

Rapid urbanization, increasing integration of distributed renewable energy resources, energy storage, and electric vehicles introduce new challenges for the power grid. In the US, buildings represent about 70% of the total electricity…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-12-22 Jose R Vazquez-Canteli , Sourav Dey , Gregor Henze , Zoltan Nagy

It is challenging to coordinate multiple distributed energy resources in a single or multiple buildings to ensure efficient and flexible operation. Advanced control algorithms such as model predictive control and reinforcement learning…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-08-28 Kingsley Nweye , Zoltan Nagy

This paper demonstrates that continual relearning of control policies using incremental deep reinforcement learning (RL) can improve policy learning for non-stationary processes. We demonstrate this approach for a data-driven 'smart…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-08-06 Avisek Naug , Marcos Quiñones-Grueiro , Gautam Biswas

Reinforcement learning (RL)-based methods have achieved significant success in managing grid-interactive efficient buildings (GEBs). However, RL does not carry intrinsic guarantees of constraint satisfaction, which may lead to severe safety…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-09-13 Xiang Huo , Boming Liu , Jin Dong , Jianming Lian , Mingxi Liu

Effective residential appliance scheduling is crucial for sustainable living. While multi-objective reinforcement learning (MORL) has proven effective in balancing user preferences in appliance scheduling, traditional MORL struggles with…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-07-17 Junlin Lu , Patrick Mannion , Karl Mason

In this paper, we develop a grid-interactive multi-zone building controller based on a deep reinforcement learning (RL) approach. The controller is designed to facilitate building operation during normal conditions and demand response…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-10-15 Xiangyu Zhang , Rohit Chintala , Andrey Bernstein , Peter Graf , Xin Jin

This work studies the challenge of optimal energy management in building-based microgrids through a collaborative and privacy-preserving framework. We evaluated two common RL algorithms (PPO and TRPO) in different collaborative setups to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-16 Nicolas M Cuadrado Avila , Samuel Horváth , Martin Takáč

Grid-interactive building control is a challenging and important problem for reducing carbon emissions, increasing energy efficiency, and supporting the electric power grid. Currently researchers and practitioners are confronted with a…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-10-20 David Biagioni , Xiangyu Zhang , Christiane Adcock , Michael Sinner , Peter Graf , Jennifer King

The ongoing energy transition drives the development of decentralised renewable energy sources, which are heterogeneous and weather-dependent, complicating their integration into energy systems. This study tackles this issue by introducing…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-07-01 Marine Cauz , Adrien Bolland , Nicolas Wyrsch , Christophe Ballif

Given its substantial contribution of 40\% to global power consumption, the built environment has received increasing attention to serve as a source of flexibility to assist the modern power grid. In that respect, previous research mainly…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-10-31 Gargya Gokhale , Niels Tiben , Marie-Sophie Verwee , Manu Lahariya , Bert Claessens , Chris Develder

Energy optimization leveraging artificially intelligent algorithms has been proven effective. However, when buildings are commissioned, there is no historical data that could be used to train these algorithms. On-line Reinforcement Learning…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-08-03 Mikhail Genkin , J. J. McArthur

This paper presents a decentralized Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning (MARL) approach to an incentive-based Demand Response (DR) program, which aims to maintain the capacity limits of the electricity grid and prevent grid congestion by…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-04-11 Jasper van Tilburg , Luciano C. Siebert , Jochen L. Cremer

As distributed energy resources (DERs) grow, the electricity grid faces increased net load variability at the grid edge, impacting operability and reliability. Transactive energy, facilitated through local energy markets, offers a…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-11-18 Daniel May , Matthew Taylor , Petr Musilek

In this paper, multi-agent reinforcement learning is used to control a hybrid energy storage system working collaboratively to reduce the energy costs of a microgrid through maximising the value of renewable energy and trading. The agents…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2021-12-07 Daniel J. B. Harrold , Jun Cao , Zhong Fan

Variable renewable generation increases the challenge of balancing power supply and demand. Grid-scale batteries co-located with generation can help mitigate this misalignment. This paper explores the use of reinforcement learning (RL) for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-26 Caleb Ju , Constance Crozier

Renewable energy integration into microgrids has become a key approach to addressing global energy issues such as climate change and resource scarcity. However, the variability of renewable sources and the rising occurrence of High Impact…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-08-12 Mohammad Hossein Nejati Amiri , Fawaz Annaz , Mario De Oliveira , Florimond Gueniat
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