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Reinforcement learning (RL) is a promising data-driven approach for adaptive traffic signal control (ATSC) in complex urban traffic networks, and deep neural networks further enhance its learning power. However, centralized RL is infeasible…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-03-13 Tianshu Chu , Jie Wang , Lara Codecà , Zhaojian Li

Safety remains a central obstacle preventing widespread use of RL in the real world: learning new tasks in uncertain environments requires extensive exploration, but safety requires limiting exploration. We propose Recovery RL, an algorithm…

This paper targets the efficient construction of a safety shield for decision making in scenarios that incorporate uncertainty. Markov decision processes (MDPs) are prominent models to capture such planning problems. Reinforcement learning…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2019-11-26 Nils Jansen , Bettina Könighofer , Sebastian Junges , Alexandru C. Serban , Roderick Bloem

Safe reinforcement learning (RL) has achieved significant success on risk-sensitive tasks and shown promise in autonomous driving (AD) as well. Considering the distinctiveness of this community, efficient and reproducible baselines are…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-06-20 Linrui Zhang , Qin Zhang , Li Shen , Bo Yuan , Xueqian Wang

This paper addresses the challenges of training end-to-end autonomous driving agents using Reinforcement Learning (RL). RL agents are typically trained in a fixed set of scenarios and nominal behavior of surrounding road users in…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-03-06 Ahmed Abouelazm , Tim Weinstein , Tim Joseph , Philip Schörner , J. Marius Zöllner

In this paper, we present an adherence-aware reinforcement learning (RL) approach aimed at seeking optimal lane-changing recommendations within a semi-autonomous driving environment to enhance a single vehicle's travel efficiency. The…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-30 Weihao Sun , Heeseung Bang , Andreas A. Malikopoulos

Reinforcement learning (RL) is a class of artificial intelligence algorithms being used to design adaptive optimal controllers through online learning. This paper presents a model-free, real-time, data-efficient Q-learning-based algorithm…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-10-11 Ali Aalipour , Alireza Khani

Reinforcement Learning (RL) and Machine Learning Integrated Model Predictive Control (ML-MPC) are promising approaches for optimizing hydrogen-diesel dual-fuel engine control, as they can effectively control multiple-input multiple-output…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-07 Julian Bedei , Murray McBain , Alexander Winkler , Charles Robert Koch , Jakob Andert , David Gordon

Artificial intelligence (AI) and reinforcement learning (RL) have shown significant promise in wireless systems, enabling dynamic spectrum allocation, traffic management, and large-scale Internet of Things (IoT) coordination. However, their…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2026-02-17 Abdikarim Mohamed Ibrahim , Rosdiadee Nordin

Reinforcement learning (RL) controllers are flexible and performant but rarely guarantee safety. Safety filters impart hard safety guarantees to RL controllers while maintaining flexibility. However, safety filters can cause undesired…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-12-20 Federico Pizarro Bejarano , Lukas Brunke , Angela P. Schoellig

Sampling-based trajectory planners are widely used for agile autonomous driving due to their ability to generate fast, smooth, and kinodynamically feasible trajectories. However, their behavior is often governed by a cost function with…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-10-14 Alexander Langmann , Yevhenii Tokarev , Mattia Piccinini , Korbinian Moller , Johannes Betz

Advanced vehicle control is a fundamental building block in the development of autonomous driving systems. Reinforcement learning (RL) promises to achieve control performance superior to classical approaches while keeping computational…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-12-01 Bernd Frauenknecht , Tobias Ehlgen , Sebastian Trimpe

Safety in reinforcement learning (RL) is a key property in both training and execution in many domains such as autonomous driving or finance. In this paper, we formalize it with a constrained RL formulation in the distributional RL setting.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-03-01 Jianyi Zhang , Paul Weng

Although safety stock optimisation has been studied for more than 60 years, most companies still use simplistic means to calculate necessary safety stock levels, partly due to the mismatch between existing analytical methods' emphases on…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2021-07-05 Edward Elson Kosasih , Alexandra Brintrup

In urban environments, the complex and uncertain intersection scenarios are challenging for autonomous driving. To ensure safety, it is crucial to develop an adaptive decision making system that can handle the interaction with other…

Robotics · Computer Science 2022-07-26 Xianqi He , Lin Yang , Chao Lu , Zirui Li , Jianwei Gong

Reinforcement learning (RL) for traffic signal control (TSC) has shown better performance in simulation for controlling the traffic flow of intersections than conventional approaches. However, due to several challenges, no RL-based TSC has…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-06-22 Arthur Müller , Matthia Sabatelli

In this work, we augment reinforcement learning with an inference-time collision model to ensure safe and efficient container management in a waste-sorting facility with limited processing capacity. Each container has two optimal emptying…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-24 Abhijeet Pendyala , Tobias Glasmachers

In the trial-and-error mechanism of reinforcement learning (RL), a notorious contradiction arises when we expect to learn a safe policy: how to learn a safe policy without enough data and prior model about the dangerous region? Existing…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-11-29 Haitong Ma , Changliu Liu , Shengbo Eben Li , Sifa Zheng , Wenchao Sun , Jianyu Chen

Road traffic crashes have been the leading cause of death among young people. Most of these accidents occur when the driver becomes distracted due to fatigue or external factors. Vehicle platooning systems such as Cooperative Adaptive…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2018-09-21 Carlos M. Massera , Marco H. Terra , Denis F. Wolf

We consider the problem of designing an algorithm to allow a car to autonomously merge on to a highway from an on-ramp. Two broad classes of techniques have been proposed to solve motion planning problems in autonomous driving: Model…

Robotics · Computer Science 2021-09-29 Joseph Lubars , Harsh Gupta , Sandeep Chinchali , Liyun Li , Adnan Raja , R. Srikant , Xinzhou Wu