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For any regularity exponent $\beta<\frac 12$, we construct non-conservative weak solutions to the 3D incompressible Euler equations in the class $C^0_t (H^{\beta} \cap L^{\frac{1}{(1-2\beta)}})$. By interpolation, such solutions belong to…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2023-06-28 Matthew Novack , Vlad Vicol

We establish new non-uniqueness results for the forced inviscid surface quasi-geostrophic equation, via an alternating formulation of convex integration techniques. Our results imply non-uniquenesss in the class of weak solutions with…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2023-10-20 Aynur Bulut , Manh Khang Huynh , Stan Palasek

In this paper, we are concerned with the three dimensional Euler equations driven by an additive stochastic forcing. First, we construct global H\"{o}lder continuous (stationary) solutions in $C(\mathbb{R};C^{\vartheta})$ space for some…

Probability · Mathematics 2025-05-20 Lin Lü

Onsager's conjecture states that the conservation of energy may fail for $3D$ incompressible Euler flows with H\"{o}lder regularity below $1/3$. This conjecture was recently solved by the author, yet the endpoint case remains an interesting…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2024-07-24 Philip Isett

We prove via convex integration a result that allows to pass from a so-called subsolution of the isentropic Euler equations (in space dimension at least $2$) to exact weak solutions. The method is closely related to the incompressible…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2021-07-23 Tomasz Dębiec , Jack W. D. Skipper , Emil Wiedemann

We develop a convex integration scheme for constructing nonunique weak solutions to the hydrostatic Euler equations (also known as the inviscid primitive equations of oceanic and atmospheric dynamics) in both two and three dimensions. We…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2024-05-28 Daniel W. Boutros , Simon Markfelder , Edriss S. Titi

In this work, we develop a wavelet-inspired, $L^3$-based convex integration framework for constructing weak solutions to the three-dimensional incompressible Euler equations. The main innovations include a new multi-scale building block,…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2023-09-12 Vikram Giri , Hyunju Kwon , Matthew Novack

We propose a new convex integration scheme in fluid mechanics, and we provide an application to the two-dimensional Euler equations. We prove the flexibility and nonuniqueness of $L^\infty L^2$ weak solutions with vorticity in $L^\infty…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2024-08-16 Elia Bruè , Maria Colombo , Anuj Kumar

In this expository work, we present Vishik's theorem on non-unique weak solutions to the two-dimensional Euler equations on the whole space, \[ \partial_t \omega + u \cdot \nabla \omega = f \, , \quad u = \frac{1}{2\pi}…

The Euler-$\alpha$ equations model the averaged motion of an ideal incompressible fluid when filtering over spatial scales smaller than $\alpha$. We show that there exists $\beta>1$ such that weak solutions to the two and three dimensional…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2021-11-10 Rajendra Beekie , Matthew Novack

Building on the recent work of C. De Lellis and L. Sz\'{e}kelyhidi, we construct global weak solutions to the three-dimensional incompressible Euler equations which are zero outside of a finite time interval and have velocity in the…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2014-02-17 Philip Isett

In this paper we deal with the Cauchy problem for the incompressible Euler equations in the three-dimensional periodic setting. We prove non-uniqueness for an $L^2$-dense set of H\"older continuous initial data in the class of H\"older…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2020-04-02 Sara Daneri , Eris Runa , Laszlo Szekelyhidi

For any $\gamma<1/3$, we construct a nontrivial weak solution $u$ to the two-dimensional, incompressible Euler equations, which has compact support in time and satisfies $u\in C^\gamma(\mathbb R_t \times \mathbb T^2_x)$. In particular, the…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2024-10-07 Vikram Giri , Razvan-Octavian Radu

Building on an approach introduced by Golovkin in the '60s, we show that nonuniqueness in some forced PDEs is a direct consequence of the existence of a self-similar linearly unstable eigenvalue: the key point is a clever choice of the…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2025-08-06 Michele Dolce , Giulia Mescolini

In a recent article, C. Bardos et. al. constructed weak solutions of the three-dimensional incompressible Euler equations which emerge from two-dimensional initial data yet become fully three-dimensional at positive times. They asked…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2013-10-23 Emil Wiedemann

For any $\alpha < 1/3$, we construct weak solutions to the $3D$ incompressible Euler equations in the class $C_tC_x^\alpha$ that have nonempty, compact support in time on ${\mathbb R} \times {\mathbb T}^3$ and therefore fail to conserve the…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2024-07-24 Philip Isett

We give a simpler proof of Vishik's nonuniqueness Theorem for the forced 2D Euler equation in the vorticity class $L^1\cap L^p$ with $2<p<\infty$. The main simplification is an alternative construction of a smooth and compactly supported…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2026-04-17 Ángel Castro , Daniel Faraco , Francisco Mengual , Marcos Solera

We construct infinitely many H\"older continuous, global-in-time, and stationary solutions to the stochastic Euler equations and the hypodissipative Navier-Stokes equations, taking values in the space $C(\mathbb{R};C^{\vartheta})$. For the…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2025-11-27 Kush Kinra , Ujjwal Koley

Whether the 3D incompressible Euler equations can develop a singularity in finite time from smooth initial data is one of the most challenging problems in mathematical fluid dynamics. This work attempts to provide an affirmative answer to…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2015-06-17 Guo Luo , Thomas Y. Hou

We consider the stochastic Navier--Stokes equations in three dimensions and prove that the law of analytically weak solutions is not unique. In particular, we focus on three examples of a stochastic perturbation: an additive, a linear…

Probability · Mathematics 2021-10-28 Martina Hofmanová , Rongchan Zhu , Xiangchan Zhu
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