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Many autonomous systems, such as robots and self-driving cars, involve real-time decision making in complex environments, and require prediction of future outcomes from limited data. Moreover, their decisions are increasingly required to be…

Robotics · Computer Science 2021-05-26 Erfan Aasi , Cristian Ioan Vasile , Mahroo Bahreinian , Calin Belta

The statelessness of foundation models bottlenecks agentic systems' ability to continually learn, a core capability for long-horizon reasoning and adaptation. To address this limitation, agentic systems commonly incorporate memory modules…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-10 Yiming Xiong , Shengran Hu , Jeff Clune

This paper develops a control-theoretic framework for analyzing agentic systems embedded within feedback control loops, where an AI agent may adapt controller parameters, select among control strategies, invoke external tools, reconfigure…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-03-26 Ali Eslami , Jiangbo Yu

Many robotic systems are underactuated, meaning not all degrees of freedom can be directly controlled due to lack of actuators, input constraints, or state-dependent actuation. This property, compounded by modeling uncertainties and…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-10-10 Daniel M. Cherenson , Dimitra Panagou

This paper presents a cloud-based learning model predictive controller that integrates three interacting components: a set of agents, which must learn to perform a finite set of tasks with the minimum possible local cost; a coordinator,…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-12-01 Paula Chanfreut , José María Maestre , Eduardo F. Camacho , Francesco Borrelli

Achieving truly adaptive embodied intelligence requires agents that learn not just by imitating static demonstrations, but by continuously improving through environmental interaction, which is akin to how humans master skills through…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-12-17 Zechen Bai , Chen Gao , Mike Zheng Shou

Large foundation models enable powerful reasoning for autonomous systems, but mapping semantic intent to reliable real-time control remains challenging. Existing approaches either (i) let Large Language Models (LLMs) generate trajectories…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-04-03 Jiayi Chen , Shuai Wang , Guangxu Zhu , Chengzhong Xu

In this work, we propose a robust approach to design distributed controllers for unknown-but-sparse linear and time-invariant systems. By leveraging modern techniques in distributed controller synthesis and structured linear inverse…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2019-10-14 Salar Fattahi , Nikolai Matni , Somayeh Sojoudi

In this paper, we propose GTA-VLA(Guide, Think, Act), an interactive Vision-Language-Action (VLA) framework that enables spatially steerable embodied reasoning by allowing users to guide robot policies with explicit visual cues. Existing…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-05-14 Yiran Ling , Qing Lian , Jinghang Li , Qing Jiang , Tianming Zhang , Xiaoke Jiang , Chuanxiu Liu , Jie Liu , Lei Zhang

Robust robotic manipulation requires not only predicting how the scene evolves over time, but also recognizing task-relevant objects in complex scenes. However, existing VLA models face two limitations. They typically act only on the…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Kuanning Wang , Ke Fan , Chenhao Qiu , Zeyu Shangguan , Yuqian Fu , Yanwei Fu , Daniel Seita , Xiangyang Xue

Robust humanoid locomotion in unstructured environments requires architectures that balance fast low-level stabilization with slower perceptual decision-making. We show that a simple layered control architecture (LCA), a proprioceptive…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-10-21 Blake Werner , Lizhi Yang , Aaron D. Ames

In this work, we propose an event-triggered con- trol framework for dynamical systems with temporal logical constraints. Event-triggered control methodologies have proven to be very efficient in reducing sensing, communication and…

Robotics · Computer Science 2018-02-28 Dipankar Maity , John S. Baras

Adapting Large Language Models (LLMs) to downstream tasks using Reinforcement Learning (RL) has proven to be an effective approach. However, LLMs do not inherently define the structure of an agent for RL training, particularly in terms of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-28 Chengxing Jia , Ziniu Li , Pengyuan Wang , Yi-Chen Li , Zhenyu Hou , Yuxiao Dong , Yang Yu

Industrial systems increasingly depend on Machine Learning (ML), and operate on heterogeneous nodes that must satisfy tight latency, energy, and memory constraints. Dynamic ML models, which reconfigure their computational footprint at…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-30 Francesco Daghero , Mahyar Tourchi Moghaddam , Mikkel Baun Kjærgaard

Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models extend vision-language models to embodied control by mapping natural-language instructions and visual observations to robot actions. Despite their capabilities, VLA systems face significant challenges due…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-10-24 Weifan Guan , Qinghao Hu , Aosheng Li , Jian Cheng

Motivated by the goal of learning controllers for complex systems whose dynamics change over time, we consider the problem of designing control laws for systems that switch among a finite set of unknown discrete-time linear subsystems under…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-05-26 Monica Rotulo , Claudio De Persis , Pietro Tesi

Distributed training increases the number of batches processed per iteration either by scaling-out (adding more nodes) or scaling-up (increasing the batch-size). However, the largest configuration does not necessarily yield the best…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-20 Sahil Tyagi , Feiyi Wang

This paper studies a multi-task control problem where multiple linear systems are to be regulated by a single non-linear controller. In particular, motivated by recent advances in multi-task learning and the design of brain-inspired…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-02-03 Umberto Casti , Giacomo Baggio , Sandro Zampieri , Fabio Pasqualetti

This paper presents a secure-by-construction planning and control framework for multi-agent systems subject to linear temporal logic (LTL) specifications. The framework protects sensitive information from a passive intruder with partial…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-05-14 Georgios Mitsos , Dimos V. Dimarogonas , Siyuan Liu

Long-horizon robotic manipulation requires bridging the gap between high-level planning (System 2) and low-level control (System 1). Current Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models often entangle these processes, performing redundant multimodal…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-02-10 Tongqing Chen , Hang Wu , Jiasen Wang , Xiaotao Li , Lu Fang