Related papers: The original Gibbs paradox is the consequence of t…
We study quantum dynamics in the framework of repeated interactions between a system and a stream of identical probes. We present a coarse-grained master equation that captures the system's dynamics in the natural regime where interactions…
Controversy exists regarding the possible existence of a transition between the liquid and glassy states of water. Here we use experimental measurements of the entropy, specific heat, and enthalpy of both liquid and glassy water to…
Regardless of studies and debates over a century, the statistical origin of the second law of thermodynamics still remains illusive. One essential obstacle is the lack of a proper theoretical formalism for non-equilibrium entropy. Here I…
Key to resolving the scientific challenge of the glass transition is to understand the origin of the massive increase in viscosity of liquids cooled below their melting temperature (avoiding crystallisation). A number of competing and often…
We generalize the convex duality symmetry in Gibbs' statistical ensemble formulation, between Massieu's free entropy $\Phi_{V,N} (\beta)$ and the Gibbs entropy $\varphi_{V,N}(u)$ as a function of mean internal energy $u$. The duality tells…
The probability distribution of the entropy production for the effusion of a relativistic ideal gas is calculated explicitly. This result is then extended to include particle and anti-particle pair production and annihilation. In both…
`Entropy' appears as driving force in many different evolution equations, both deterministic and stochastic, and in these equations this `entropy' also takes different forms. We show how all these examples can be understood as different…
The maximum entropy formalism developed by Jaynes determines the relevant ensemble in nonequilibrium statistical mechanics by maximising the entropy functional subject to the constraints imposed by the available information. We present an…
This short book is an elementary course on entropy, leading up to a calculation of the entropy of hydrogen gas at standard temperature and pressure. Topics covered include information, Shannon entropy and Gibbs entropy, the principle of…
Activation/deactivation by inelastic collisions have been extensively studied at unimolecular reactions in gas phase where they are crucial for equilibration. As equilibration means an increase of entropy, the mechanism can also be…
Some general considerations on the notion of entropy in physics are presented. An attempt is made to clarify the question of the differentiation between physical entropy (the Clausius-Boltzmann one) and quantities called entropies…
The universe is certainly not yet in total thermodynamical equilibrium,so clearly some law telling about special initial conditions is needed. A universe or a system imposed to behave periodically gets thereby required ``initial…
Nanothermodynamics provides the theoretical foundation for understanding stable distributions of statistically independent subsystems inside larger systems. In this review it is emphasized that adapting ideas from nanothermodynamics to…
Dust-gas mixtures are the simplest example of a two fluid mixture. We show that when simulating such mixtures with particles or with particles coupled to grids a problem arises due to the need to resolve a very small length scale when the…
In earlier work we presented a foundation for the Second Law of Classical Thermodynamics in terms of the Entropy Principle. More precisely, we provided an empirically accessible axiomatic derivation of an entropy function defined on all…
We use two available methods, the Duhem-Gibbs relation and the entropy formula in terms of particle phase space distributions, to calculate the entropy in a quark combination model. The entropy of the system extracted from the Duhem-Gibbs…
Non-Hermitian physics has become a fundamental framework for understanding open systems where gain and loss play essential roles, with impact across photonics, quantum science, and condensed matter. While the role of complex eigenvalues is…
The microscopic origin of friction is an important topic in science and technology. To date, noteworthy aspects of it remain unsolved. In an effort to shed some light on the possible mechanisms that could give rise to the macroscopic…
The excess entropy, Se, defined as the difference between the entropies of the liquid and the ideal gas under identical density and temperature conditions, is shown to be the critical quantity connecting the structural, diffusional and…
The configurational entropy of supercooled liquids extrapolates to zero at the Kauzmann temperature, causing a crisis called the Kauzmann paradox. Here, using a class of multicomponent lattice glass models, we study a resolution of the…