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This article reviews the basic theoretical aspects of graphene, a one atom thick allotrope of carbon, with unusual two-dimensional Dirac-like electronic excitations. The Dirac electrons can be controlled by application of external electric…

Other Condensed Matter · Physics 2009-01-15 A. H. Castro Neto , F. Guinea , N. M. R. Peres , K. S. Novoselov , A. K. Geim

A number of physical processes occurring in a flat one-dimensional graphene structure under the action of strong time-dependent electric fields are considered. It is assumed that the Dirac model can be applied to the graphene as a subsystem…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2020-11-04 Sergey Gavrilov , Dmitry Gitman , Vadim Dmitriev , Anatolii Panferov , Stanislav Smolyansky

Graphene is a unique two-dimensional material with rich new physics and great promise for applications in electronic devices. Physical phenomena such as the half-integer quantum Hall effect and high carrier mobility are critically dependent…

We present a new model to realize artificial 2D lattices with cold atoms investigating the atomic artificial graphene: a 2D-confined matter wave is scattered by atoms of a second species trapped around the nodes of a honeycomb optical…

Quantum Gases · Physics 2014-08-27 Nicola Bartolo , Mauro Antezza

We show that current in a two-dimensional electron gas (2DEG) can trap ultracold atoms $<1 \mu$m away with orders of magnitude less spatial noise than a metal trapping wire. This enables the creation of hybrid systems, which integrate…

Quantum Gases · Physics 2015-05-19 G. Sinuco-León , B. Kaczmarek , P. Krüger , T. M. Fromhold

Recently, transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDCs) semiconductors have been utilized for investigating quantum phenomena because of their unique band structures and novel electronic properties. In a quantum dot (QD), electrons are confined…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2020-03-04 Gang Luo , Zhuo-Zhi Zhang , Hai-Ou Li , Xiang-Xiang Song , Guang-Wei Deng , Gang Cao , Ming Xiao , Guo-Ping Guo

Two-dimensional van der Waals materials have recently been established experimentally as a highly-tunable condensed matter platform, facilitating the controlled manipulation of band structures and interactions. In several of these…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2025-05-06 Mireia Tolosa-Simeón , Michael M. Scherer , Stefan Floerchinger

Inspired by the great development of graphene, more and more works have been conducted to seek new two-dimensional (2D) materials with Dirac cones. Although 2D Dirac materials possess many novel properties and physics, they are rare…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2015-04-15 Jinying Wang , Shibin Deng , Zhongfan Liu , Zhirong Liu

The description of the electromagnetic interaction in two-dimensional Dirac materials, such as graphene and transition-metal dichalcogenides, in which electrons move in the plane and interact via virtual photons in 3d, leads naturally to…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2021-05-26 Luis Fernández , Van Sérgio Alves , M. Gomes , Leandro O. Nascimento , Francisco Peña

The recent discovery of two-dimensional Dirac materials, such as graphene and transition-metaldichalcogenides, has raised questions about the treatment of hybrid systems, in which electrons moving in a two-dimensional plane interact via…

Discussions based upon rigorous derivations show the validity range of the analogy between solid state materials like graphene which possess K symmetry crystallographic points in k-space, and the relativistic solutions for massive and low…

Applied Physics · Physics 2019-12-24 C. M. Krowne

The phase transition between type-I and type-II Dirac semimetals will reveal a series of significant physical properties because of their completely distinct electronic, optical and magnetic properties. However, no mechanism and materials…

Materials Science · Physics 2021-08-18 Yuee Xie , Yujiao Kang , Xiaohong Yan , Yuanping Chen

The dynamics of Dirac semimetals is modeled at low energies by the massless Dirac Hamiltonian with the Fermi velocity replacing the velocity of light. The classical action is scale invariant. In 3D materials, Coulomb interactions induce a…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2026-01-26 Matteo Baggioli , Maxim N. Chernodub , Karl Landsteiner , Alessandro Principi , María A. H. Vozmediano

Alkaline-earth-like transition-metal atoms such as Zn and Cd are promising candidates for precision measurements and quantum many-body physics experiments. Here, we theoretically investigate the properties of diatomic molecules containing…

Atomic Physics · Physics 2021-11-02 Klaudia Zaremba-Kopczyk , Michał Tomza

Two-dimensional layered materials, such as transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs), possess intrinsic van der Waals gap at the layer interface allowing for remarkable tunability of the optoelectronic features via external intercalation of…

Materials Science · Physics 2024-11-25 Srihari M. Kastuar , Christopher Rzepa , Srinivas Rangarajan , Chinedu E. Ekuma

When two-dimensional electron gases (2DEGs) are exposed to magnetic field, they resonantly absorb electromagnetic radiation via electronic transitions between Landau levels (LLs). In 2DEGs with a Dirac spectrum, such as graphene, theory…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2019-07-15 Ievgeniia O. Nedoliuk , Sheng Hu , Andre K. Geim , Alexey B. Kuzmenko

2D materials are well-known to exhibit interesting phenomena due to quantum confinement. Here, we show that quantum confinement, together with structural anisotropy, result in an electric-field-tunable Dirac cone in 2D black phosphorus.…

Materials Science · Physics 2015-08-18 Kapildeb Dolui , Su Ying Quek

There is evidence for existence of massless Dirac quasi-particles in graphene, which satisfy Dirac equation in (1+2) dimensions near the so called Dirac points which lie at the corners at the graphene's brilluoin zone. We revisit the…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2015-05-13 Riazuddin

We show how strongly interacting two-dimensional Dirac fermions can be realized with ultracold atoms in a two-dimensional optical square lattice with an experimentally realistic, inherent gauge field, which breaks time-reversal and…

Quantum Gases · Physics 2015-05-13 Lih-King Lim , Achilleas Lazarides , Andreas Hemmerich , C. Morais Smith

The carbon monolayer band structure calculated in the approximation of weakly interacting {\pi} electrons corresponds to massless electron excitations known as Dirac fermions not previously observed in any other material. However, if strong…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2015-08-13 Marina V. Krasinkova