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Deep learning-based approaches for generating novel drug molecules with specific properties have gained a lot of interest in the last few years. Recent studies have demonstrated promising performance for string-based generation of novel…

Biomolecules · Quantitative Biology 2025-02-18 Hampus Gummesson Svensson , Christian Tyrchan , Ola Engkvist , Morteza Haghir Chehreghani

In the space of only a few years, deep generative modeling has revolutionized how we think of artificial creativity, yielding autonomous systems which produce original images, music, and text. Inspired by these successes, researchers are…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-05-24 Daniel C. Elton , Zois Boukouvalas , Mark D. Fuge , Peter W. Chung

Combination therapy has shown to improve therapeutic efficacy while reducing side effects. Importantly, it has become an indispensable strategy to overcome resistance in antibiotics, anti-microbials, and anti-cancer drugs. Facing enormous…

Molecular Networks · Quantitative Biology 2020-04-24 Mostafa Karimi , Arman Hasanzadeh , Yang shen

We propose HydraScreen, a deep-learning approach that aims to provide a framework for more robust machine-learning-accelerated drug discovery. HydraScreen utilizes a state-of-the-art 3D convolutional neural network, designed for the…

The generation of ligands that both are tailored to a given protein pocket and exhibit a range of desired chemical properties is a major challenge in structure-based drug design. Here, we propose an in-silico approach for the $\textit{de…

Biomolecules · Quantitative Biology 2024-05-27 Julian Cremer , Tuan Le , Frank Noé , Djork-Arné Clevert , Kristof T. Schütt

The application of generative models for experimental drug discovery campaigns is severely limited by the difficulty of designing molecules de novo that can be synthesized in practice. Previous works have leveraged Generative Flow Networks…

While generative models have recently become ubiquitous in many scientific areas, less attention has been paid to their evaluation. For molecular generative models, the state-of-the-art examines their output in isolation or in relation to…

Diffusion models have emerged as a leading framework in generative modeling, poised to transform the traditionally slow and costly process of drug discovery. This review provides a systematic comparison of their application in designing two…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-27 Yiquan Wang , Yahui Ma , Yuhan Chang , Jiayao Yan , Jialin Zhang , Minnuo Cai , Kai Wei

The generation of small molecule candidate (ligand) binding poses in its target protein pocket is important for computer-aided drug discovery. Typical rigid-body docking methods ignore the pocket flexibility of protein, while the more…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2023-08-03 Jonathan P. Mailoa , Zhaofeng Ye , Jiezhong Qiu , Chang-Yu Hsieh , Shengyu Zhang

The prediction modeling of drug-target interactions is crucial to drug discovery and design, which has seen rapid advancements owing to deep learning technologies. Recently developed methods, such as those based on graph neural networks…

Quantitative Methods · Quantitative Biology 2025-11-19 Xinnan Zhang , Jialin Wu , Junyi Xie , Tianlong Chen , Kaixiong Zhou

De novo molecule generation allows the search for more drug-like hits across a vast chemical space. However, lead optimization is still required, and the process of optimizing molecular structures faces the challenge of balancing structural…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Jiebin Fang , Churu Mao , Yuchen Zhu , Xiaoming Chen , Chang-Yu Hsieh , Zhongjun Ma

Designing molecules with desirable physiochemical properties and functionalities is a long-standing challenge in chemistry, material science, and drug discovery. Recently, machine learning-based generative models have emerged as promising…

Biomolecules · Quantitative Biology 2023-04-26 Zaixi Zhang , Qi Liu , Chee-Kong Lee , Chang-Yu Hsieh , Enhong Chen

De novo drug design requires simultaneously generating novel molecules outside of training data and predicting their target properties, making it a hard task for generative models. To address this, we propose Joint Transformer that combines…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-12-05 Adam Izdebski , Ewelina Weglarz-Tomczak , Ewa Szczurek , Jakub M. Tomczak

Despite the great popularity of virtual screening of existing compound libraries, the search for new potential drug candidates also takes advantage of generative protocols, where new compound suggestions are enumerated using various…

Biomolecules · Quantitative Biology 2023-12-22 Tomasz Danel , Jan Łęski , Sabina Podlewska , Igor T. Podolak

In the real world, a molecule is a 3D geometric structure. Compared to 1D SMILES sequences and 2D molecular graphs, 3D molecules represent the most informative molecular modality. Despite the rapid progress of autoregressive-based language…

Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science · Computer Science 2025-08-15 Lei Jiang , Shuzhou Sun , Biqing Qi , Yuchen Fu , Xiaohua Xu , Yuqiang Li , Dongzhan Zhou , Tianfan Fu

Generating new molecules with specified chemical and biological properties via generative models has emerged as a promising direction for drug discovery. However, existing methods require extensive training/fine-tuning with a large dataset,…

Quantitative Methods · Quantitative Biology 2023-04-25 Zichao Wang , Weili Nie , Zhuoran Qiao , Chaowei Xiao , Richard Baraniuk , Anima Anandkumar

Automated design synthesis has the potential to revolutionize the modern engineering design process and improve access to highly optimized and customized products across countless industries. Successfully adapting generative Machine…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-03-18 Lyle Regenwetter , Amin Heyrani Nobari , Faez Ahmed

Rich data and powerful machine learning models allow us to design drugs for a specific protein target \textit{in silico}. Recently, the inclusion of 3D structures during targeted drug design shows superior performance to other target-free…

Biomolecules · Quantitative Biology 2023-03-08 Jiaqi Guan , Wesley Wei Qian , Xingang Peng , Yufeng Su , Jian Peng , Jianzhu Ma

This paper proposes a 3D shape descriptor network, which is a deep convolutional energy-based model, for modeling volumetric shape patterns. The maximum likelihood training of the model follows an "analysis by synthesis" scheme and can be…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-04-03 Jianwen Xie , Zilong Zheng , Ruiqi Gao , Wenguan Wang , Song-Chun Zhu , Ying Nian Wu

One of the major applications of generative models for drug Discovery targets the lead-optimization phase. During the optimization of a lead series, it is common to have scaffold constraints imposed on the structure of the molecules…

Quantitative Methods · Quantitative Biology 2021-01-05 Maxime Langevin , Herve Minoux , Maximilien Levesque , Marc Bianciotto