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Gaussian processes (GPs) provide a probabilistic nonparametric representation of functions in regression, classification, and other problems. Unfortunately, exact learning with GPs is intractable for large datasets. A variety of approximate…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2012-03-19 Yuan , Qi , Ahmed H. Abdel-Gawad , Thomas P. Minka

Gaussian processes (GPs) are flexible distributions over functions that enable high-level assumptions about unknown functions to be encoded in a parsimonious, flexible and general way. Although elegant, the application of GPs is limited by…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2017-10-06 Thang D. Bui , Josiah Yan , Richard E. Turner

This article discusses prior distributions for the parameters of Gaussian processes (GPs) that are widely used as surrogate models to emulate expensive computer simulations. The parameters typically involve mean parameters, a variance…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-03-18 Mengyang Gu , Victor De Oliveira

Gaussian processes (GPs) offer a principled probabilistic model over functions, but exact inference is restricted to the linear-Gaussian regime. We establish an explicit equivalence between GPs and a class of linear diffusion models,…

Multifidelity models integrate data from multiple sources to produce a single approximator for the underlying process. Dense low-fidelity samples are used to reduce interpolation error, while sparse high-fidelity samples are used to…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-02-27 Viv Bone , Chris van der Heide , Kieran Mackle , Ingo H. J. Jahn , Peter M. Dower , Chris Manzie

We consider the use of Gaussian Processes (GPs) or Neural Networks (NNs) to numerically approximate the solutions to nonlinear partial differential equations (PDEs) with rough forcing or source terms, which commonly arise as pathwise…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2025-01-31 Ricardo Baptista , Edoardo Calvello , Matthieu Darcy , Houman Owhadi , Andrew M. Stuart , Xianjin Yang

Let $P$ be a linear differential operator over $\mathcal{D} \subset \mathbb{R}^d$ and $U = (U_x)_{x \in \mathcal{D}}$ a second order stochastic process. In the first part of this article, we prove a new necessary and sufficient condition…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2022-02-11 Iain Henderson , Pascal Noble , Olivier Roustant

Scalable Gaussian process (GP) inference is essential for sequential decision-making tasks, yet improving GP scalability remains a challenging problem with many open avenues of research. This paper focuses on iterative GPs, where iterative…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-21 Alan Yufei Dong , Jihao Andreas Lin , José Miguel Hernández-Lobato

We propose a principled way to define Gaussian process priors on various sets of unweighted graphs: directed or undirected, with or without loops. We endow each of these sets with a geometric structure, inducing the notions of closeness and…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2023-02-28 Viacheslav Borovitskiy , Mohammad Reza Karimi , Vignesh Ram Somnath , Andreas Krause

In this paper, we propose Lagrangian Gaussian Processes (LGPs) for probabilistic and data-efficient learning of dynamics via discrete forced Euler-Lagrange equations. Importantly, the geometric structure of the Lagrange-d'Alembert…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-08 Jan-Hendrik Ewering , Kathrin Flaßkamp , Niklas Wahlström , Thomas B. Schön , Thomas Seel

We propose a novel probabilistic framework, termed LVM-GP, for uncertainty quantification in solving forward and inverse partial differential equations (PDEs) with noisy data. The core idea is to construct a stochastic mapping from the…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-07-31 Xiaodong Feng , Ling Guo , Xiaoliang Wan , Hao Wu , Tao Zhou , Wenwen Zhou

Gaussian processes (GPs) provide a nonparametric representation of functions. However, classical GP inference suffers from high computational cost and it is difficult to design nonstationary GP priors in practice. In this paper, we propose…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2013-03-15 Yuan Qi , Bo Dai , Yao Zhu

In complex and unknown processes, global models are initially generated over the entire experimental space but often fail to provide accurate predictions in local areas. A common approach is to use local models, which requires partitioning…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-29 Dominik Polke , Tim Kösters , Elmar Ahle , Dirk Söffker

Objective: Gaussian Processes (GP)-based filters, which have been effectively used for various applications including electrocardiogram (ECG) filtering can be computationally demanding and the choice of their hyperparameters is typically ad…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-01-10 Mircea Dumitru , Qiao Li , Erick Andres Perez Alday , Ali Bahrami Rad , Gari D. Clifford , Reza Sameni

Gaussian processes (GPs) are a class of Kernel methods that have shown to be very useful in geoscience and remote sensing applications for parameter retrieval, model inversion, and emulation. They are widely used because they are simple,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-05-21 J. Emmanuel Johnson , Valero Laparra , Gustau Camps-Valls

Making predictions and quantifying their uncertainty when the input data is sequential is a fundamental learning challenge, recently attracting increasing attention. We develop SigGPDE, a new scalable sparse variational inference framework…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2021-10-13 Maud Lemercier , Cristopher Salvi , Thomas Cass , Edwin V. Bonilla , Theodoros Damoulas , Terry Lyons

Gaussian processes (GPs) are versatile tools that have been successfully employed to solve nonlinear estimation problems in machine learning, but that are rarely used in signal processing. In this tutorial, we present GPs for regression as…

Deep Gaussian processes (DGPs) are multi-layer hierarchical generalisations of Gaussian processes (GPs) and are formally equivalent to neural networks with multiple, infinitely wide hidden layers. DGPs are nonparametric probabilistic models…

Gaussian Processes (GPs) are widely recognized as powerful non-parametric models for regression and classification. Traditional GP frameworks predominantly operate under the assumption that the inputs are either accurately known or subject…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-10-14 Muzaffar Qureshi , Tochukwu Elijah Ogri , Zachary I. Bell , Wanjiku A. Makumi , Rushikesh Kamalapurkar

The increasing integration of renewable energy sources (RESs) and distributed energy resources (DERs) has significantly heightened operational complexity and uncertainty in modern power systems. Concurrently, the widespread deployment of…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-05-26 Bendong Tan , Tong Su , Yu Weng , Ketian Ye , Parikshit Pareek , Petr Vorobev , Hung Nguyen , Junbo Zhao , Deepjyoti Deka