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We use fluctuating hydrodynamics to analyze the dynamical properties in the non-equilibrium steady state of a diffusive system coupled with reservoirs. We derive the two-time correlations of the density and of the current in the…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2016-11-23 Tridib Sadhu , Bernard Derrida

The search for the QCD critical point in heavy-ion collision experiments requires dynamical simulations of the bulk evolution of QCD matter as well as of fluctuations. We consider two essential ingredients of such a simulation: a generic…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2018-08-15 M. Stephanov , Y. Yin

We report on recent progress in the study of the evolution of non-Gaussian cumulants of critical fluctuations. We explore the implications of non-equilibrium effects on the search for the QCD critical point.

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2016-11-23 Swagato Mukherjee , Raju Venugopalan , Yi Yin

We study the effect of the QCD critical point on non-Gaussian moments (cumulants) of fluctuations of experimental observables in heavy-ion collisions. We find that these moments are very sensitive to the proximity of the critical point, as…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2010-04-21 M. A. Stephanov

Dirac fluids - interacting systems obeying particle-hole symmetry and Lorentz invariance - are among the simplest hydrodynamic systems; they have also been studied as effective descriptions of transport in strongly interacting Dirac…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2024-12-06 Sarang Gopalakrishnan , Ewan McCulloch , Romain Vasseur

We develop the relativistic theory of hydrodynamic fluctuations for application to high energy heavy ion collisions. In particular, we investigate their effect on the expanding boost-invariant (Bjorken) solution of the hydrodynamic…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2015-06-03 J. I. Kapusta , B. Müller , M. Stephanov

We study non-equilibrium velocity fluctuations in a model for the sedimentation of non-Brownian particles experiencing long-range hydrodynamic interactions. The complex behavior of these fluctuations, the outcome of the collective dynamics…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2015-06-24 M. -Carmen Miguel , R. Pastor-Satorras

When two nuclei collide close to the speed of light, a fluid state known as the quark-gluon plasma is formed. Attempts to understand the dynamics of this fluid have generated significant research into dissipative relativistic fluid…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2024-02-21 Nicki Mullins , Mauricio Hippert , Jorge Noronha , Lorenzo Gavassino

We propose a general approach to freezing out fluctuations in heavy-ion collisions using the principle of maximum entropy. We find the results naturally expressed as a direct relationship between the irreducible relative correlators…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2023-05-17 Maneesha Sushama Pradeep , Mikhail Stephanov

These lecture notes consist of two major connected parts. The first part (Sections 1, 2), after a brief historical introduction, deals with the physics of critical points in thermodynamic equilibrium. The features of the fluctuations…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2024-03-07 Mikhail Stephanov

Thermal fluctuations affect the dynamics of systems near critical points, the evolution of the early universe, and two-particle correlations in heavy-ion collisions. For the latter, numerical simulations of nearly-ideal, relativistic fluids…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2015-06-16 Clint Young

We examine the applicability of relativistic hydrodynamics far from equilibrium by constructing formal solutions of the Boltzmann moment equations in the relaxation time approximation. These solutions naturally decompose into a divergent…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2026-04-29 Reghukrishnan Gangadharan

Fluctuations in a fluid are strongly affected by the presence of a macroscopic gradient making them long-ranged and enhancing their amplitude. While small-scale fluctuations exhibit diffusive lifetimes, larger-scale fluctuations live…

We apply stochastic hydrodynamics to the study of charge density fluctuations in QCD matter undergoing Bjorken expansion. We find that the charge density correlations are given by a time integral over the history of the system, with the…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2014-06-09 B. Ling , T. Springer , M. Stephanov

One of the long-standing problems in the field of high-energy heavy-ion collisions is that the dynamical models based on viscous hydrodynamics fail to describe the experimental elliptic flow $v_2$ and the triangular flow $v_3$…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2023-05-31 Kenshi Kuroki , Azumi Sakai , Koichi Murase , Tetsufumi Hirano

Non-Gaussian noise is omnipresent in systems where the central-limit theorem is inapplicable. We here investigate the stochastic thermodynamics of small systems that are described by a general Kramers-Moyal equation that includes both…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2025-02-28 Arthur M. Faria , Marcus V. S. Bonanca , Eric Lutz

We look at a superposition of symmetric simple exclusion and Glauber dynamics in the discrete torus in dimension 1. For this model, we prove that the fluctuations around the hydrodynamic limit are described, in the diffusive scale, by an…

Probability · Mathematics 2018-10-09 Milton Jara , Otávio Menezes

Motivated by the experimental search for the QCD critical point we perform simulations of a stochastic field theory with purely relaxational dynamics (model A). We verify the expected dynamic scaling of correlation functions. Using a finite…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2022-07-27 Thomas Schaefer , Vladimir Skokov

I present an overview of recent theoretical results on fluctuations of conserved charges in heavy-ion collisions obtained in relativistic hydrodynamics and molecular dynamics frameworks. In particular, I discuss the constraints on the…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2023-03-22 Volodymyr Vovchenko

We derive equations for fluid dynamics from a non-extensive Boltzmann transport equation consistent with Tsallis' non-extensive entropy formula. We evaluate transport coefficients employing the relaxation time approximation and investigate…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2015-05-30 T. S. Biro , E. Molnar