Related papers: Photon quantization in cosmological spaces
We study the Fock quantization of a compound classical system consisting of point masses and a scalar field. We consider the Hamiltonian formulation of the model by using the geometric constraint algorithm of Gotay, Nester and Hinds. By…
We investigate the behaviour of classical and quantum fields in the conical space-time associated with a point mass in 2+1 dimensions. We show that the presence of conical boundary conditions alters the electrostatic field of a point charge…
In a cosmological setting, particle production is ubiquitous. It may occur as a consequence of the expansion of the background or because a field couples to other degrees of freedom that evolve with time. The process is well understood in…
We present a manifestly covariant quantization procedure based on the de Donder--Weyl Hamiltonian formulation of classical field theory. This procedure agrees with conventional canonical quantization only if the parameter space is $d=1$…
It is currently believed that light quantum or the quantization of light energy is beyond classical physics and the picture of wave-particle duality, which was criticized by Einstein but attracted a number of experimental researches, is…
Pure gravitational plane waves are considered as a special case of spacetimes with two commuting spacelike Killing vector fields. Starting with a midisuperspace that describes this kind of spacetimes, we introduce gauge-fixing and symmetry…
In the standard model of particle physics, photons are mass-less particles with a particular dispersion relation. Tests of this claim at different scales are both interesting and important. Experiments in territory labs and several…
We discuss the quantization of a particle near an extreme Reissner-Nordstrom black hole in the canonical formalism. This model appears to be described by a Hamiltonian with no well-defined ground state. This problem can be circumvented by a…
The interaction between three photons is studied in de Sitter ambient space formalism. As a special case the half harmonic generator is considered, {\it i.e.} one photon decays to two same-energy photons. The scattering matrix elements are…
The modes of the electromagnetic field are solutions of Maxwell's equations taking into account the material boundary conditions. The field modes of classical optics - properly normalized - are also the mode functions of quantum optics.…
We consider constructing a canonical quantum theory of the light-cone gauge ($A_-$=0) Schwinger model in the light-cone representation. Quantization conditions are obtained by requiring that translational generators $P_+$ and $P_-$ give…
The counting statistics give insight into the properties of quantum states of light and other quantum states of matter such as ultracold atoms or electrons. The theoretical description of photon counting was derived in the 1960s and was…
Conventional wisdom dictates that to image the position of fluorescent atoms or molecules, one should stimulate as much emission and collect as many photons as possible. That is, in this classical case, it has always been assumed that the…
Quantum cosmology may permit to determine the initial conditions of the Universe. In particular, it may select a specific model between many possible classical models. In this work, we study a quantum cosmological model based on the string…
Structure of the space of photonic states is discussed in the context of a working hypothesis of existence of a preferred frame for photons. Two polarisation experiments are proposed to test the preferred frame scenario.
In this paper a nonlocal generalization of field quantization is suggested. This quantization principle presupposes the assumption that the commutator between a field operator an the operator of the canonical conjugated variable referring…
We consider a non-minimally coupled Einstein-Maxwell gravity with no $U(1)$ symmetry property to study stability of an electrostatic star via canonical quantization approach and obtain that the stability is free of gauge field effects. By…
We investigate the ambiguities in the Fock quantization of the scalar perturbations of a Friedmann-Lema\^{i}tre-Robertson-Walker model with a massive scalar field as matter content. We consider the case of compact spatial sections (thus…
Via K$\ddot{a}$hker polarization we geometrically quantize free fields in the spaces of motions, namely the space of solutions of equations of motion. We obtain the correct results just as that given by the canonical quantization. Since we…
It is thought that schemes for quantum imaging are fragile against realistic environments in which the background noise is often stronger than the nonclassical signal of the imaging photons. Unfortunately, it is unfeasible to produce…