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Related papers: Quality at the Tail of Machine Learning Inference

200 papers

Real-world data often exhibits long-tailed distributions with heavy class imbalance, posing great challenges for deep recognition models. We identify a persisting dilemma on the value of labels in the context of imbalanced learning: on the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-09-29 Yuzhe Yang , Zhi Xu

We analyse circumstances in which bifurcation-driven jumps in AI systems are associated with emergent heavy-tailed outcome distributions. By analysing how a control parameter's random fluctuations near a catastrophic threshold generate…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-03-27 Elija Perrier

Imbalance learning is a subfield of machine learning that focuses on learning tasks in the presence of class imbalance. Nearly all existing studies refer to class imbalance as a proportion imbalance, where the proportion of training samples…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-05-09 Ou Wu

Extreme Multi-label Text Classification (XMTC) has been a tough challenge in machine learning research and applications due to the sheer sizes of the label spaces and the severe data scarce problem associated with the long tail of rare…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-04-05 Ruohong Zhang , Yau-Shian Wang , Yiming Yang , Donghan Yu , Tom Vu , Likun Lei

Inference-time computation offers a powerful axis for scaling the performance of language models. However, naively increasing computation in techniques like Best-of-N sampling can lead to performance degradation due to reward hacking.…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-04-09 Audrey Huang , Adam Block , Qinghua Liu , Nan Jiang , Akshay Krishnamurthy , Dylan J. Foster

In risk management, tail risks are of crucial importance. The quality of a tail model, which is determined by data from an unknown distribution, depends critically on the subset of data used to model the tail. Based on a suitably weighted…

Methodology · Statistics 2021-01-19 Ingo Hoffmann , Christoph J. Börner

The recent advancements in Deep Learning models and techniques have led to significant strides in performance across diverse tasks and modalities. However, while the overall capabilities of models show promising growth, our understanding of…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-04-04 Erik Arakelyan

We re-visit tail the index regressions framework. For linear specifications, we find that the usual full rank condition can fail because conditioning on extreme outcomes causes regressors to degenerate to constants. Taking this into…

Econometrics · Economics 2025-12-23 Thomas T. Yang

This paper presents a novel holistic deep learning framework that simultaneously addresses the challenges of vulnerability to input perturbations, overparametrization, and performance instability from different train-validation splits. The…

The masses of data now available have opened up the prospect of discovering weak signals using machine-learning algorithms, with a view to predictive or interpretation tasks. As this survey of recent results attempts to show, bringing…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2026-05-06 Stephan Clémençon , Anne Sabourin

Data privacy and class imbalance are the norm rather than the exception in many machine learning tasks. Recent attempts have been launched to, on one side, address the problem of learning from pervasive private data, and on the other side,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-07-01 Zihan Chen , Songshang Liu , Hualiang Wang , Howard H. Yang , Tony Q. S. Quek , Zuozhu Liu

Heavy tailed distributions present a tough setting for inference. They are also common in industrial applications, particularly with Internet transaction datasets, and machine learners often analyze such data without considering the biases…

Applications · Statistics 2016-10-14 Matt Taddy , Hedibert Freitas Lopes , Matt Gardner

Continual learning, an important aspect of artificial intelligence and machine learning research, focuses on developing models that learn and adapt to new tasks while retaining previously acquired knowledge. Existing continual learning…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-04-04 Liwei Kang , Wee Sun Lee

Deep neural networks (DNNs) often suffer from the overconfidence issue, where incorrect predictions are made with high confidence scores, hindering the applications in critical systems. In this paper, we propose a novel approach called…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-11-08 Yijun Liu , Jiequan Cui , Zhuotao Tian , Senqiao Yang , Qingdong He , Xiaoling Wang , Jingyong Su

Machine learning has the potential to fuel further advances in data science, but it is greatly hindered by an ad hoc design process, poor data hygiene, and a lack of statistical rigor in model evaluation. Recently, these issues have begun…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-08-19 Stella Biderman , Walter J. Scheirer

Continual learning consists of algorithms that learn from a stream of data/tasks continuously and adaptively thought time, enabling the incremental development of ever more complex knowledge and skills. The lack of consensus in evaluating…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2018-11-01 Natalia Díaz-Rodríguez , Vincenzo Lomonaco , David Filliat , Davide Maltoni

Recently, the concept of tail dependence has been discussed in financial applications related to market or credit risk. The multivariate extreme value theory is a proper tool to measure and model dependence, for example, of large loss…

Applications · Statistics 2011-09-27 Marta Ferreira

Machine learning models often inherit biases from historical data, raising critical concerns about fairness and accountability. Conventional fairness interventions typically require access to sensitive attributes like gender or race, but…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-04-21 Yixiao Lin , James Booth

We introduce a new type of estimator for the spectral tail process of a regularly varying time series. The approach is based on a characterizing invariance property of the spectral tail process, which is incorporated into the new estimator…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2021-03-16 Holger Drees , Anja Janßen , Sebastian Neblung

In AI-assisted decision-making, a central promise of having a human-in-the-loop is that they should be able to complement the AI system by overriding its wrong recommendations. In practice, however, we often see that humans cannot assess…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-02-05 Jakob Schoeffer , Johannes Jakubik , Michael Voessing , Niklas Kuehl , Gerhard Satzger