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The choice of a point set, to be used in numerical integration, determines, to a large extent, the error estimate of the integral. Point sets can be characterized by their discrepancy, which is a measure of its non-uniformity. Point sets…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2009-10-28 Jiri Hoogland , Ronald Kleiss

Recent studies evaluate the value orientation of large language models (LLMs) using adapted social surveys, typically by prompting models with survey questions and comparing their responses to average human responses. This paper identifies…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-05 Jindřich Libovický

We introduce the concept of disjunctive sum of squares for certifying nonnegativity of polynomials. Unlike the popular sum of squares approach where nonnegativity is certified by a single algebraic identity, the disjunctive sum of squares…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2026-05-28 Amir Ali Ahmadi , Sanjeeb Dash , Yixuan Hua , Bartolomeo Stellato

Nested dichotomies are used as a method of transforming a multiclass classification problem into a series of binary problems. A tree structure is induced that recursively splits the set of classes into subsets, and a binary classification…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-10-04 Tim Leathart , Eibe Frank , Bernhard Pfahringer , Geoffrey Holmes

This study explored the utilities of rationales generated by GPT-4.1 and GPT-5 in automated scoring using Prompt 6 essays from the 2012 Kaggle ASAP data. Essay-based scoring was compared with rationale-based scoring. The study found in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-03 Hong Jiao , Hanna Choi , Haowei Hua

Cluster analysis requires many decisions: the clustering method and the implied reference model, the number of clusters and, often, several hyper-parameters and algorithms' tunings. In practice, one produces several partitions, and a final…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2023-08-14 Luca Coraggio , Pietro Coretto

We describe some approaches to explanations for observed outcomes in data management and machine learning. They are based on the assignment of numerical scores to predefined and potentially relevant inputs. More specifically, we consider…

Databases · Computer Science 2020-08-20 Leopoldo Bertossi

We introduce a method for efficient multi-label text classification with large language models (LLMs), built on reformulating classification tasks as sequences of dichotomic (yes/no) decisions. Instead of generating all labels in a single…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-07 Mikołaj Langner , Jan Eliasz , Ewa Rudnicka , Jan Kocoń

In-vivo toxicological studies are characterized by multiple primary endpoints with quite different scales. Whereas guidelines and publications provide various statistical tests for normally distributed endpoints (such as organ weights) and…

Applications · Statistics 2022-01-11 Ludwig A. Hothorn , Klaus Weber

The main purpose of this article is to study higher power mean values of generalized quadratic Gauss sums using estimates for character sums, analytic method and algebraic geometric methods. In this article, we prove two conjectures which…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2021-05-25 Nilanjan Bag , Antonio Rojas-León , Zhang Wenpeng

For high volume data streams and large data warehouses, sampling is used for efficient approximate answers to aggregate queries over selected subsets. Mathematically, we are dealing with a set of weighted items and want to support queries…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2007-05-23 Mario Szegedy , Mikkel Thorup

A summation test is proposed to determine admissible types of gap penalties for logarithmic growth of the local alignment score. We also define a converging sequence of log moment generating functions that provide the constants associated…

Probability · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Hock Peng Chan

In this paper we investigate the question of how much combined measurements can increase the accuracy of additive quantities. Therefore, we consider a set of measurements from a selection of all possible combinations of the $n$ labeled…

Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability · Physics 2022-05-18 B. Mirbach , M. Boguslawski

In this paper, we introduce concept of bipolar neutrosophic set and its some operations. Also, we propose score, certainty and accuracy functions to compare the bipolar neutrosophic sets. Then, we develop the bipolar neutrosophic weighted…

General Mathematics · Mathematics 2016-02-12 Irfan Deli , Mumtaz Ali , Florentin Smarandache

In this paper, we obtain a sharp upper bound for the sum of the first $k$-th eigenvalues for this Dirichlet problem of poly-Laplacian with any order, which is viewed as an extension of the result due to Cheng and Wei (Journal of…

Differential Geometry · Mathematics 2016-05-13 Lingzhong Zeng

Large Language Models (LLMs) can achieve inflated scores on multiple-choice tasks by exploiting inherent biases in option positions or labels, rather than demonstrating genuine understanding. This study introduces SCOPE, an evaluation…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-05 Wonjun Jeong , Dongseok Kim , Taegkeun Whangbo

Score-based divergences have been widely used in machine learning and statistics applications. Despite their empirical success, a blindness problem has been observed when using these for multi-modal distributions. In this work, we discuss…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-11-25 Mingtian Zhang , Oscar Key , Peter Hayes , David Barber , Brooks Paige , François-Xavier Briol

Music similarity search is useful for a variety of creative tasks such as replacing one music recording with another recording with a similar "feel", a common task in video editing. For this task, it is typically necessary to define a…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-08-14 Jongpil Lee , Nicholas J. Bryan , Justin Salamon , Zeyu Jin , Juhan Nam

The iterative method of Sinkhorn allows, starting from an arbitrary real matrix with non-negative entries, to find a so-called 'scaled matrix' which is doubly stochastic, i.e. a matrix with all entries in the interval (0, 1) and with all…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2015-02-09 Alexis De Vos , Stijn De Baerdemacker

Keeping in mind the necessity of intelligent system in educational sector, this paper proposes a text analysis based automated approach for automatic evaluation of the descriptive answers in an examination. In particular, the research…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-05-10 Vedant Bahel , Achamma Thomas