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In this paper, we explore the potential of visual in-context learning to enable a single model to handle multiple tasks and adapt to new tasks during test time without re-training. Unlike previous approaches, our focus is on training…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-03 Simon Reiß , Zdravko Marinov , Alexander Jaus , Constantin Seibold , M. Saquib Sarfraz , Erik Rodner , Rainer Stiefelhagen

Subject-driven text-to-image generation still struggles to preserve high-frequency identity details such as logos, patterns, and text. Existing methods typically operate directly in RGB space, which often leads to detail degradation under…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-21 Hanzhong Guo , Yizhou Yu

A longstanding question in cognitive science concerns the learning mechanisms underlying compositionality in human cognition. Humans can infer the structured relationships (e.g., grammatical rules) implicit in their sensory observations…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-05-20 Jacob Russin , Roland Fernandez , Hamid Palangi , Eric Rosen , Nebojsa Jojic , Paul Smolensky , Jianfeng Gao

We study the theoretical foundations of composition in diffusion models, with a particular focus on out-of-distribution extrapolation and length-generalization. Prior work has shown that composing distributions via linear score combination…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-29 Arwen Bradley , Preetum Nakkiran , David Berthelot , James Thornton , Joshua M. Susskind

Recent methods have shown that pre-trained diffusion models can be fine-tuned to enable generative inverse rendering by learning image-conditioned noise-to-intrinsic mapping. Despite their remarkable progress, they struggle to robustly…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-15 Rongjia Zheng , Qing Zhang , Chengjiang Long , Wei-Shi Zheng

Compositionality of semantic concepts in image synthesis and analysis is appealing as it can help in decomposing known and generatively recomposing unknown data. For instance, we may learn concepts of changing illumination, geometry or…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-03-29 Yunye Gong , Srikrishna Karanam , Ziyan Wu , Kuan-Chuan Peng , Jan Ernst , Peter C. Doerschuk

Automatic image matting (AIM) refers to estimating the soft foreground from an arbitrary natural image without any auxiliary input like trimap, which is useful for image editing. Prior methods try to learn semantic features to aid the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-07-16 Jizhizi Li , Jing Zhang , Dacheng Tao

Music and dance have always co-existed as pillars of human activities, contributing immensely to the cultural, social, and entertainment functions in virtually all societies. Notwithstanding the gradual systematization of music and dance…

Sound · Computer Science 2022-02-01 Shuang Wu , Zhenguang Li , Shijian Lu , Li Cheng

Natural image matting aims to estimate the alpha matte of the foreground from a given image. Various approaches have been explored to address this problem, such as interactive matting methods that use guidance such as click or trimap, and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-02-29 Qinglin Liu , Xiaoqian Lv , Wei Yu , Changyong Guo , Shengping Zhang

Despite Flow Matching and diffusion models having emerged as powerful generative paradigms for continuous variables such as images and videos, their application to high-dimensional discrete data, such as language, is still limited. In this…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-06 Itai Gat , Tal Remez , Neta Shaul , Felix Kreuk , Ricky T. Q. Chen , Gabriel Synnaeve , Yossi Adi , Yaron Lipman

Recent breakthroughs in text-to-image diffusion models have significantly advanced the generation of high-fidelity, photo-realistic images from textual descriptions. Yet, these models often struggle with interpreting spatial arrangements…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-07-19 Jiaqi Liu , Tao Huang , Chang Xu

Sampling, the technique of reusing pieces of existing audio tracks to create new music content, is a very common practice in modern music production. In this paper, we tackle the challenging task of automatic sample identification, that is,…

Sound · Computer Science 2025-10-28 Alain Riou , Joan Serrà , Yuki Mitsufuji

Inversion methods, such as Textual Inversion, generate personalized images by incorporating concepts of interest provided by user images. However, existing methods often suffer from overfitting issues, where the dominant presence of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-01-12 Xulu Zhang , Xiao-Yong Wei , Jinlin Wu , Tianyi Zhang , Zhaoxiang Zhang , Zhen Lei , Qing Li

A framework and method are proposed for the study of constituent composition in fMRI. The method produces estimates of neural patterns encoding complex linguistic structures, under the assumption that the contributions of individual…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-10-26 Matthias Lalisse , Paul Smolensky

We propose a generative model that, given a coarsely edited image, synthesizes a photorealistic output that follows the prescribed layout. Our method transfers fine details from the original image and preserve the identity of its parts.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-08 Hadi Alzayer , Zhihao Xia , Xuaner Zhang , Eli Shechtman , Jia-Bin Huang , Michael Gharbi

Previous text-to-image synthesis algorithms typically use explicit textual instructions to generate/manipulate images accurately, but they have difficulty adapting to guidance in the form of coarsely matched texts. In this work, we attempt…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-09-12 Mengyao Cui , Zhe Zhu , Shao-Ping Lu , Yulu Yang

The utilization of deep learning techniques in generating various contents (such as image, text, etc.) has become a trend. Especially music, the topic of this paper, has attracted widespread attention of countless researchers.The whole…

Sound · Computer Science 2020-11-16 Shulei Ji , Jing Luo , Xinyu Yang

In recent years, deep natural image matting has been rapidly evolved by extracting high-level contextual features into the model. However, most current methods still have difficulties with handling tiny details, like hairs or furs. In this…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-01-25 Chang Liu , Henghui Ding , Xudong Jiang

Compositional generalization, the ability to generate novel combinations of known concepts, is a key ingredient for visual generative models. Yet, not all mechanisms that enable or inhibit it are fully understood. In this work, we conduct a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-28 Karim Farid , Rajat Sahay , Yumna Ali Alnaggar , Simon Schrodi , Volker Fischer , Cordelia Schmid , Thomas Brox

We cast shape matching as metric learning with convolutional networks. We break the end-to-end process of image representation into two parts. Firstly, well established efficient methods are chosen to turn the images into edge maps.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-07-27 Filip Radenović , Giorgos Tolias , Ondřej Chum