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Interacting with a speech interface to query a Question Answering (QA) system is becoming increasingly popular. Typically, QA systems rely on passage retrieval to select candidate contexts and reading comprehension to extract the final…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-09-28 Georgios Sidiropoulos , Svitlana Vakulenko , Evangelos Kanoulas

We propose automatic speech recognition (ASR) models inspired by echo state network (ESN), in which a subset of recurrent neural networks (RNN) layers in the models are randomly initialized and untrained. Our study focuses on RNN-T and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-02-19 Harsh Shrivastava , Ankush Garg , Yuan Cao , Yu Zhang , Tara Sainath

Large language model (LLM)-based automatic speech recognition (ASR) achieves strong performance but often incurs high computational costs. This work investigates how to obtain the best LLM-ASR performance efficiently. Through comprehensive…

Sound · Computer Science 2025-08-07 Bingshen Mu , Yiwen Shao , Kun Wei , Dong Yu , Lei Xie

Automatic speech recognition (ASR) systems normally consist of an acoustic model (AM) and a language model (LM). The acoustic model estimates the probability distribution of text given the input speech, while the language model calibrates…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-17 Qingliang Meng , Pengju Ren , Tian Li , Changsong Dai , Huizhi Liang

Multi-speaker automatic speech recognition (MS-ASR) faces significant challenges in transcribing overlapped speech, a task critical for applications like meeting transcription and conversational analysis. While serialized output training…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-06-09 Yuke Lin , Ming Cheng , Ze Li , Beilong Tang , Ming Li

Automatic speech recognition (ASR) outcomes serve as input for downstream tasks, substantially impacting the satisfaction level of end-users. Hence, the diagnosis and enhancement of the vulnerabilities present in the ASR model bear…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-01-29 Seonmin Koo , Chanjun Park , Jinsung Kim , Jaehyung Seo , Sugyeong Eo , Hyeonseok Moon , Heuiseok Lim

Modern automatic speech recognition (ASR) models, such as OpenAI's Whisper, rely on deep encoder-decoder architectures, and their encoders are a critical bottleneck for efficient deployment due to high computational intensity. We introduce…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-26 Keisuke Kamahori , Jungo Kasai , Noriyuki Kojima , Baris Kasikci

New-age conversational agent systems perform both speech emotion recognition (SER) and automatic speech recognition (ASR) using two separate and often independent approaches for real-world application in noisy environments. In this paper,…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-05-29 Lokesh Bansal , S. Pavankumar Dubagunta , Malolan Chetlur , Pushpak Jagtap , Aravind Ganapathiraju

Using neural network based acoustic frontends for improving robustness of streaming automatic speech recognition (ASR) systems is challenging because of the causality constraints and the resulting distortion that the frontend processing…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-04-27 Arun Narayanan , James Walker , Sankaran Panchapagesan , Nathan Howard , Yuma Koizumi

Fine tuning self supervised pretrained models using pseudo labels can effectively improve speech recognition performance. But, low quality pseudo labels can misguide decision boundaries and degrade performance. We propose a simple yet…

Sound · Computer Science 2022-11-01 Zezhong Jin , Dading Zhong , Xiao Song , Zhaoyi Liu , Naipeng Ye , Qingcheng Zeng

Language models play a central role in automatic speech recognition (ASR), yet most methods rely on text-only models unaware of ASR error patterns. Recently, large language models (LLMs) have been applied to ASR correction, but introduce…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-18 Zijin Gu , Tatiana Likhomanenko , He Bai , Erik McDermott , Ronan Collobert , Navdeep Jaitly

Hypernasality is an abnormal resonance in human speech production, especially in patients with craniofacial anomalies such as cleft palate. In clinical application, hypernasality estimation is crucial in cleft palate diagnosis, as its…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-08-11 Kaitao Song , Teng Wan , Bixia Wang , Huiqiang Jiang , Luna Qiu , Jiahang Xu , Liping Jiang , Qun Lou , Yuqing Yang , Dongsheng Li , Xudong Wang , Lili Qiu

Modern automatic speech recognition (ASR) model is required to accurately transcribe diverse speech signals (from different domains, languages, accents, etc) given the specific contextual information in various application scenarios.…

In the domain of air traffic control (ATC) systems, efforts to train a practical automatic speech recognition (ASR) model always faces the problem of small training samples since the collection and annotation of speech samples are expert-…

Sound · Computer Science 2021-02-17 Yi Lin , Qin Li , Bo Yang , Zhen Yan , Huachun Tan , Zhengmao Chen

Sequence labeling is a core task in text understanding for IE/IR systems. Text generation models have increasingly become the go-to solution for such tasks (e.g., entity extraction and dialog slot filling). While most research has focused…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-02-01 Kazuma Hashimoto , Iftekhar Naim , Karthik Raman

Automatic Speech Recognition (ASR) has reached impressive accuracy for high-resource languages, yet its utility in linguistic fieldwork remains limited. Recordings collected in fieldwork contexts present unique challenges, including…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-25 Siyu Liang , Gina-Anne Levow

Speaker-attributed automatic speech recognition (SA-ASR) aims to transcribe speech while assigning transcripts to the corresponding speakers accurately. Existing methods often rely on complex modular systems or require extensive fine-tuning…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-01-16 Thai-Binh Nguyen , Alexander Waibel

Automatic speech recognition (ASR) has witnessed remarkable progress in recent years, largely driven by the emergence of LLM-based ASR paradigm. Despite their strong performance on a variety of open-source benchmarks, existing LLM-based ASR…

Sound · Computer Science 2026-01-06 Zheshu Song , Lu Wang , Wei Deng , Zhuo Yang , Yong Wu , Bin Xia

With the development of deep learning, automatic speech recognition (ASR) has made significant progress. To further enhance the performance of ASR, revising recognition results is one of the lightweight but efficient manners. Various…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-14 Yi-Wei Wang , Ke-Han Lu , Kuan-Yu Chen

Automated Speech Recognition (ASR) is an interdisciplinary application of computer science and linguistics that enable us to derive the transcription from the uttered speech waveform. It finds several applications in Military like…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-04-05 Priyank Dubey , Bilal Shah