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Optimal Transport (OT) distances such as Wasserstein have been used in several areas such as GANs and domain adaptation. OT, however, is very sensitive to outliers (samples with large noise) in the data since in its objective function,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-10-13 Yogesh Balaji , Rama Chellappa , Soheil Feizi

Optimal Transport, a theory for optimal allocation of resources, is widely used in various fields such as astrophysics, machine learning, and imaging science. However, many applications impose elementwise constraints on the transport plan…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2022-06-28 Zixuan Cang , Qing Nie , Yanxiang Zhao

Optimal transport (OT) is a widely used technique for distribution alignment, with applications throughout the machine learning, graphics, and vision communities. Without any additional structural assumptions on trans-port, however, OT can…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-07-20 Chi-Heng Lin , Mehdi Azabou , Eva L. Dyer

Optimal transport induces the Earth Mover's (Wasserstein) distance between probability distributions, a geometric divergence that is relevant to a wide range of problems. Over the last decade, two relaxations of optimal transport have been…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2023-01-18 Thibault Séjourné , Jean Feydy , François-Xavier Vialard , Alain Trouvé , Gabriel Peyré

This paper presents a unified framework for smooth convex regularization of discrete optimal transport problems. In this context, the regularized optimal transport turns out to be equivalent to a matrix nearness problem with respect to…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2018-07-17 Arnaud Dessein , Nicolas Papadakis , Jean-Luc Rouas

We analyze two algorithms for approximating the general optimal transport (OT) distance between two discrete distributions of size $n$, up to accuracy $\varepsilon$. For the first algorithm, which is based on the celebrated Sinkhorn's…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2018-06-08 Pavel Dvurechensky , Alexander Gasnikov , Alexey Kroshnin

We introduce a new class of convex-regularized Optimal Transport losses, which generalizes the classical Entropy-regularization of Optimal Transport and Sinkhorn divergences, and propose a generalized Sinkhorn algorithm. Our framework…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2020-07-03 Simone Di Marino , Augusto Gerolin

Aggregating data from multiple sources can be formalized as an Optimal Transport (OT) barycenter problem, which seeks to compute the average of probability distributions with respect to OT discrepancies. However, in real-world scenarios,…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-04-15 Milena Gazdieva , Jaemoo Choi , Alexander Kolesov , Jaewoong Choi , Petr Mokrov , Alexander Korotin

The Sinkhorn--Knopp (SK) algorithm is a cornerstone method for matrix scaling and entropically regularized optimal transport (EOT). Despite its empirical efficiency, existing theoretical guarantees to achieve a target marginal accuracy…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2026-04-07 Kun He

Optimal transport (OT) naturally arises in a wide range of machine learning applications but may often become the computational bottleneck. Recently, one line of works propose to solve OT approximately by searching the \emph{transport plan}…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-11-15 Weijie Liu , Chao Zhang , Nenggan Zheng , Hui Qian

Despite the success of deep learning-based algorithms, it is widely known that neural networks may fail to be robust. A popular paradigm to enforce robustness is adversarial training (AT), however, this introduces many computational and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-01-18 Nicolas Garcia Trillos , Matt Jacobs , Jakwang Kim , Matthew Werenski

We consider robust variants of the standard optimal transport, named robust optimal transport, where marginal constraints are relaxed via Kullback-Leibler divergence. We show that Sinkhorn-based algorithms can approximate the optimal cost…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-10-29 Khang Le , Huy Nguyen , Quang Nguyen , Tung Pham , Hung Bui , Nhat Ho

The ability to compare two degenerate probability distributions (i.e. two probability distributions supported on two distinct low-dimensional manifolds living in a much higher-dimensional space) is a crucial problem arising in the…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2017-10-23 Aude Genevay , Gabriel Peyré , Marco Cuturi

This paper studies the Partial Optimal Transport (POT) problem between two unbalanced measures with at most $n$ supports and its applications in various AI tasks such as color transfer or domain adaptation. There is hence the need for fast…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-12-25 Anh Duc Nguyen , Tuan Dung Nguyen , Quang Minh Nguyen , Hoang H. Nguyen , Lam M. Nguyen , Kim-Chuan Toh

Optimal transport (OT) plays an essential role in various areas like machine learning and deep learning. However, computing discrete optimal transport plan for large scale problems with adequate accuracy and efficiency is still highly…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-07-20 Dongsheng An , Na Lei , Xianfeng Gu

Optimal transport (OT) is a widely used tool in machine learning, but computing high-accuracy solutions for large instances remains costly. Entropic regularization and the Sinkhorn algorithm improve scalability; however, when the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Di Wu , Ling Liang , Haizhao Yang

We study the Unbalanced Optimal Transport (UOT) between two measures of possibly different masses with at most $n$ components, where the marginal constraints of standard Optimal Transport (OT) are relaxed via Kullback-Leibler divergence…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2024-01-09 Quang Minh Nguyen , Hoang H. Nguyen , Yi Zhou , Lam M. Nguyen

Optimal transport (OT) finds a least cost transport plan between two probability distributions using a cost matrix defined on pairs of points. Unlike standard OT, which infers unstructured pointwise mappings, low-rank optimal transport…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-05 Henri Schmidt , Peter Halmos , Ben Raphael

Computational optimal transport (OT) has recently emerged as a powerful framework with applications in various fields. In this paper we focus on a relaxation of the original OT problem, the entropic OT problem, which allows to implement…

Probability · Mathematics 2025-10-06 Giacomo Greco , Maxence Noble , Giovanni Conforti , Alain Durmus

This work studies how the introduction of the entropic regularization term in unbalanced Optimal Transport (OT) models may alter their homogeneity with respect to the input measures. We observe that in common settings (including balanced OT…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2022-01-07 Théo Lacombe