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Plastic scintillator detectors have been extensively used in particle physics experiments for decades. A large-scale detector is typically arranged as an array of staggered long bars which provide a fast trigger signal and/or particle…

Muon scattering tomography is a non-destructive technique used to image different materials by utilizing natural cosmic ray muons. Typically it requires position-sensitive detectors with a sub-millimeter resolution to effectively…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2025-02-19 Binghao Sun , Huiling Li , Quanyin Li , Hui Liang , Cong Liu , Hongbo Wang , Zibing Wu , Suyu Xiao , Weiwei Xu

The ArDM project aims at developing and operating large noble liquid detectors to search for direct evidence of Weakly Interacting Massive Particle (WIMP) as Dark Matter in the Universe. The initial goal is to design, assemble and operate a…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2009-11-11 A. Rubbia

We present here a comprehensive study of the light yield of primary and secondary scintillations produced in gaseous and liquid Ar in the near infrared (NIR) and visible region, at cryogenic temperatures. The measurements were performed…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2015-03-18 A. Bondar , A. Buzulutskov , A. Dolgov , A. Grebenuk , S. Peleganchuk , V. Porosev , L. Shekhtman , E. Shemyakina , A. Sokolov

Liquid argon detectors are ubiquitous in particle, astroparticle, and applied physics. They reached an unprecedented level of maturity thanks to more than 20 years of R&D and the operation of large-scale facilities at CERN, Fermilab, and…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2024-10-30 W. M. Bonivento , F. Terranova

In this paper we report on measurements of the effects of dissolved methane upon argon scintillation light. We monitor the light yield from an alpha source held 20 cm from a cryogenic photomultiplier tube (PMT) assembly as methane is…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2014-01-21 B. J. P. Jones , T. Alexander , H. O. Back , G. Collin , J. M. Conrad , A. Greene , T. Katori , S. Pordes , M. Toups

A dedicated test of the effects of Nitrogen contamination in liquid Argon has been performed at the INFN-Gran Sasso Laboratory (LNGS, Italy) within the WArP R&D program. A detector has been designed and assembled for this specific task and…

The Argon Dark Matter (ArDM-1t) experiment is a ton-scale liquid argon (LAr) double-phase time projection chamber designed for direct Dark Matter searches. Such a device allows to explore the low energy frontier in LAr with a charge imaging…

A spectroscopic study of liquid argon from the vacuum ultraviolet at 110 nm to 1000 nm is presented. Excitation was performed using continuous and pulsed 12 keV electron beams. The emission is dominated by the analogue of the so called 2nd…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2015-11-25 T. Heindl , T. Dandl , M. Hofmann , R. Krücken , L. Oberauer , W. Potzel , J. Wieser , A. Ulrich

The spectral and temporal light emission properties of liquid argon have been studied in the context of its use in large liquid rare-gas detectors for detecting Dark Matter particles in astronomy. A table-top setup has been developed.…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2015-11-25 T. Heindl , T. Dandl , A. Fedenev , M. Hofmann , R. Krücken , L. Oberauer , W. Potzel , J. Wieser , A. Ulrich

The ArDM experiment, a 1 ton liquid argon TPC/Calorimeter, is designed for the detection of dark matter particles which can scatter off the spinless argon nuclei. These events producing a recoiling nucleus will be discerned by their light…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2008-12-09 C. Regenfus

Liquid nitrogen is commonly used in cryogenic applications and is a promising medium for the direct immersion cooling of sensors used for nuclear and particle physics experiments. The scintillation properties of gaseous nitrogen are…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2025-10-28 L. Pagani , R. Saldanha , B. M. Loer , G. S. Ortega , R. A. Bunker , B. T. Foust

This paper presents the results of the proton irradiation of silicon photomulipliers (SiPMs) by mono-energetic 170 MeV protons with fluence up to 4.6$\times$10$^{9}$ particles/cm$^2$. In our work, three types of silicon photodetectors from…

High-granularity homogeneous electromagnetic calorimeters based on scintillating crystals and silicon photomultipliers (SiPMs) are a promising option for future $e^{+}e^{-}$ Higgs factories, where both excellent energy resolution and a very…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2026-03-10 Zhiyu Zhao , Dejing Du , Shu Li , Yong Liu , Baohua Qi , Jack Rolph , Haijun Yang

First imaging results in liquid xenon of a Liquid Hole Multiplier (LHM) coupled to a Quad-Silicon Photomultiplier (SiPM) array are presented. Ionization electrons deposited in the noble liquid by 5.5 MeV alpha particles, are collected into…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2019-02-20 E. Erdal , A. Tesi , D. Vartsky , S. Bressler , L. Arazi , A. Breskin

Several experiments have been conducted worldwide, with the goal of observing low-energy nuclear recoils induced by WIMPs scattering off target nuclei in ultra-sensitive, low-background detectors. In the last few decades noble liquid…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2016-03-23 B. Rossi , A. Anastasio , A. Boiano , S. Catalanotti , A. G. Cocco , G. Covone , P. Di Meo , G. Longo , A. Vanzanella , S. Walker , H. Wang , Y. Wang , G. Fiorillo

First observation of liquid xenon scintillation due to alpha-particles and gamma-rays with a large area avalanche photodiode immersed in the liquid is reported. An energy resolution of 10% (FWHM) and a coincidence time resolution of less…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2015-06-26 V. N. Solovov , A. Hitachi , V. Chepel , M. I. Lopes , R. Ferreira Marques , A. J. P. L. Policarpo

WIMPs are a well-motivated galactic dark matter candidate. Liquid argon (LAr) is an attractive target for the direct detection of WIMPs. The LAr prototype detector is designed to study the technology and property of LAr detector. The…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2016-12-21 Pei-Xian Li , Meng-Yun Guan , Chang-Gen Yang , Peng Zhang , Jin-Chang Liu , Yong-Pen Zhang , Cong Guo , Yi Wang

Prototype scintilator+WLS strips with SiPM readout for large muon detection systems were tested in the muon beam of the Fermilab Test Beam Facility. Light yield of up to 137 photoelectrons per muon per strip has been observed, as well as…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2017-01-03 Dmitri Denisov , Valery Evdokimov , Strahinja Lukić , Predrag Ujić

We present a prototype for the first tracking detector consisting of 250 micron thin scintillating fibers and silicon photomultiplier (SiPM) arrays. The detector has a modular design, each module consists of a mechanical support structure…