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Rust is a young programming language gaining increased attention from software developers since it was introduced to the world by Mozilla in 2010. In this study, we attempt to answer several research questions. Does Rust deserve such…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2022-06-17 William Bugden , Ayman Alahmar

Rust is a popular programming language in building various low-level software in recent years. It aims to provide safe concurrency when implementing multi-threaded software through a suite of compiler checking rules. Unfortunately, there is…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2019-02-07 Zeming Yu , Linhai Song , Yiying Zhang

Unsafe Rust code is necessary for interoperability with C/C++ libraries and implementing low-level data structures, but it can cause memory safety violations in otherwise memory-safe Rust programs. Sanitizers can catch such memory errors at…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2025-10-24 Oliver Braunsdorf , Tim Lange , Konrad Hohentanner , Julian Horsch , Johannes Kinder

Rust is a new and promising high-level system programming language. It provides both memory safety and thread safety through its novel mechanisms such as ownership, moves and borrows. Ownership system ensures that at any point there is only…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2018-05-01 Feng Wang , Fu Song , Min Zhang , Xiaoran Zhu , Jun Zhang

The Rust programming language enforces three basic Rust principles, namely ownership, borrowing, and AXM (Aliasing Xor Mutability) to prevent security bugs such as memory safety violations and data races. However, Rust projects often have…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-07-08 Jason Zhijingcheng Yu , Fangqi Han , Kaustab Choudhury , Trevor E. Carlson , Prateek Saxena

Existing automated verification techniques for safe Rust code rely on the strong type-system properties to reason about programs, especially to deduce which memory locations do not change (i.e., are framed) across function calls. However,…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2024-05-15 Federico Poli , Xavier Denis , Peter Müller , Alexander J. Summers

In Rust, unsafe code is the sole source of potential undefined behaviors. To avoid misuse, Rust developers should clarify the safety properties for each unsafe API. However, the community currently lacks a key standard for safety…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2026-04-28 Zihao Rao , Jiping Zhou , Hongliang Tian , Xin Wang , Hui Xu

Program safety (i.e., absence of undefined behaviors) is critical for correct operation of computer systems. It is usually verified at the source level (e.g., by separation logics) and preserved to the target by verified compilers (e.g.,…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2025-10-14 Jinhua Wu , Yuting Wang , Liukun Yu , Linglong Meng

Rust is an emerging, strongly-typed programming language focusing on efficiency and memory safety. With increasing projects adopting Rust, knowing how to use Unsafe Rust is crucial for Rust security. We observed that the description of…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2023-08-10 Mohan Cui , Suran Sun , Hui Xu , Yangfan Zhou

Memory safety vulnerabilities remain prevalent in today's software systems and one promising solution to mitigate them is to adopt memory-safe languages such as Rust. Due to legacy code written in memory unsafe C, there is strong motivation…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-12-11 Momoko Shiraishi , Yinzhi Cao , Takahiro Shinagawa

Ensuring correctness is crucial for code generation. Formal verification offers a definitive assurance of correctness, but demands substantial human effort in proof construction and hence raises a pressing need for automation. The primary…

Rust, a popular systems-level programming language, has garnered widespread attention due to its features of achieving run-time efficiency and memory safety. With an increasing number of real-world projects adopting Rust, understanding how…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-12-20 Mohan Cui , Penglei Mao , Shuran Sun , Yangfan Zhou , Hui Xu

Rust is a relatively new system programming language that has been experiencing a rapid adoption in the past 10 years. Rust incorporates a memory ownership model enforced at a compile time. Since this model involves zero runtime overhead,…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2022-09-20 Nikolay Ivanov

Embedded software is used in safety-critical systems such as medical devices and autonomous vehicles, where software defects, including security vulnerabilities, have severe consequences. Most embedded codebases are developed in unsafe…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-09-06 Ayushi Sharma , Shashank Sharma , Santiago Torres-Arias , Aravind Machiry

Rust relies on its unique ownership mechanism to ensure thread and memory safety. However, numerous potential security vulnerabilities persist in practical applications. New language features in Rust pose new challenges for vulnerability…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2026-01-08 Yu Zhang , Kaiwen Zhang , Guanjun Liu

Rust is a multi-paradigm programming language developed by Mozilla that focuses on performance and safety. Rust code is arguably known best for its speed and memory safety, a property essential while developing embedded systems. Thus, it…

Interior unsafe is an essential design paradigm advocated by the Rust community in system software development. However, there is little official guidance or few best practices regarding how to encapsulate unsafe code and achieve interior…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-06-13 Zihao Rao , Yiran Yang , Hui Xu

Rust is a programming language that combines memory safety and low-level control, providing C-like performance while guaranteeing the absence of undefined behaviors by default. Rust's growing popularity has prompted research on safe and…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2024-05-28 Aidan Z. H. Yang , Yoshiki Takashima , Brandon Paulsen , Josiah Dodds , Daniel Kroening

The development of safety-critical aerospace systems is traditionally dominated by the C language. Its language characteristics make it trivial to accidentally introduce memory safety issues resulting in undefined behavior or security…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-05-29 Lukas Seidel , Julian Beier

To provide flexibility and low-level interaction capabilities, the unsafe tag in Rust is essential in many projects, but undermines memory safety and introduces Undefined Behaviors (UBs) that reduce safety. Eliminating these UBs requires a…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-03-05 Renshuang Jiang , Pan Dong , Zhenling Duan , Yu Shi , Xiaoxiang Fang , Yan Ding , Jun Ma , Shuai Zhao , Zhe Jiang