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Despite achieving remarkable success in various domains, recent studies have uncovered the vulnerability of deep neural networks to adversarial perturbations, creating concerns on model generalizability and new threats such as…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-08-21 Xiao Wang , Siyue Wang , Pin-Yu Chen , Yanzhi Wang , Brian Kulis , Xue Lin , Peter Chin

Memory isolation is a critical property for system reliability, security, and safety. We demonstrate RowPress, a DRAM read disturbance phenomenon different from the well-known RowHammer. RowPress induces bitflips by keeping a DRAM row open…

RowHammer is a circuit-level DRAM vulnerability where repeatedly accessing (i.e., hammering) a DRAM row can cause bit flips in physically nearby rows. The RowHammer vulnerability worsens as DRAM cell size and cell-to-cell spacing shrink.…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-10-22 Lois Orosa , Abdullah Giray Yağlıkçı , Haocong Luo , Ataberk Olgun , Jisung Park , Hasan Hassan , Minesh Patel , Jeremie S. Kim , Onur Mutlu

We will discuss the RowHammer problem in DRAM, which is a prime (and likely the first) example of how a circuit-level failure mechanism in Dynamic Random Access Memory (DRAM) can cause a practical and widespread system security…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2019-03-28 Onur Mutlu

Rowhammer is a hardware vulnerability in DRAM memory, where repeated access to memory can induce bit flips in neighboring memory locations. Being a hardware vulnerability, rowhammer bypasses all of the system memory protection, allowing…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-07-30 Zhi Zhang , Yueqiang Cheng , Dongxi Liu , Surya Nepal , Zhi Wang , Yuval Yarom

In order to shed more light on how RowHammer affects modern and future devices at the circuit-level, we first present an experimental characterization of RowHammer on 1580 DRAM chips (408x DDR3, 652x DDR4, and 520x LPDDR4) from 300 DRAM…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2020-06-01 Jeremie S. Kim , Minesh Patel , A. Giray Yaglikci , Hasan Hassan , Roknoddin Azizi , Lois Orosa , Onur Mutlu

Rowhammer is a well-studied DRAM phenomenon wherein multiple activations to a given row can cause bit flips in adjacent rows. Many mitigation techniques have been introduced to address Rowhammer, with some support being incorporated into…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2026-02-17 Maccoy Merrell , Daniel Puckett , Gino Chacon , Jeffrey Stuecheli , Stavros Kalafatis , Paul V. Gratz

RowHammer is a major read disturbance mechanism in DRAM where repeatedly accessing (hammering) a row of DRAM cells (DRAM row) induces bitflips in physically nearby DRAM rows (victim rows). To ensure robust DRAM operation, state-of-the-art…

This paper investigates secure low-cost in-DRAM trackers for mitigating Rowhammer (RH). In-DRAM solutions have the advantage that they can solve the RH problem within the DRAM chip, without relying on other parts of the system. However,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-07-24 Moinuddin Qureshi , Salman Qazi , Aamer Jaleel

DRAM read disturbance can break memory isolation, a fundamental property to ensure system robustness (i.e., reliability, security, safety). RowHammer and RowPress are two different DRAM read disturbance phenomena. RowHammer induces bitflips…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2024-06-25 Haocong Luo , Ismail Emir Yüksel , Ataberk Olgun , A. Giray Yağlıkçı , Mohammad Sadrosadati , Onur Mutlu

The RowHammer vulnerability in DRAM is a critical threat to system security. To protect against RowHammer, vendors commit to security-through-obscurity: modern DRAM chips rely on undocumented, proprietary, on-die mitigations, commonly known…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-10-25 Hasan Hassan , Yahya Can Tugrul , Jeremie S. Kim , Victor van der Veen , Kaveh Razavi , Onur Mutlu

Rowhammer is a serious security problem of contemporary dynamic random-access memory (DRAM) where reads or writes of bits can flip other bits. DRAM manufacturers add mitigations, but don't disclose details, making it difficult for customers…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-12-01 Amir Naseredini , Martin Berger , Matteo Sammartino , Shale Xiong

The purpose of this document is to study the security properties of the Silver Bullet algorithm against worst-case RowHammer attacks. We mathematically demonstrate that Silver Bullet, when properly configured and implemented in a DRAM chip,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-06-17 Abdullah Giray Yağlıkçı , Jeremie S. Kim , Fabrice Devaux , Onur Mutlu

Read disturbance in modern DRAM chips is a widespread phenomenon and is reliably used for breaking memory isolation, a fundamental building block for building robust systems. RowHammer and RowPress are two examples of read disturbance in…

Caches have been exploited to leak secret information due to the different times they take to handle memory accesses. Cache timing attacks include non-speculative cache side and covert channel attacks and cache-based speculative execution…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-04-23 Guangyuan Hu , Ruby B. Lee

Our ISCA 2014 paper provided the first scientific and detailed characterization, analysis, and real-system demonstration of what is now popularly known as the RowHammer phenomenon (or vulnerability) in modern commodity DRAM chips, which are…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-06-29 Onur Mutlu

Network slicing is a pivotal paradigm in wireless networks enabling customized services to users and applications. Yet, intelligent jamming attacks threaten the performance of network slicing. In this paper, we focus on the security aspect…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2024-10-08 Shavbo Salehi , Hao Zhou , Medhat Elsayed , Majid Bavand , Raimundas Gaigalas , Yigit Ozcan , Melike Erol-Kantarci

This paper addresses the challenge of anti-jamming in moving reactive jamming scenarios. The moving reactive jammer initiates high-power tracking jamming upon detecting any transmission activity, and when unable to detect a signal, resorts…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2025-02-05 Yangyang Li , Yuhua Xu , Wen Li , Guoxin Li , Zhibing Feng , Songyi Liu , Jiatao Du , Xinran Li

Rowhammer is a critical vulnerability in dynamic random access memory (DRAM) that continues to pose a significant threat to various systems. However, we find that conventional load-based attacks are becoming highly ineffective on the most…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-10-21 Weijie Chen , Shan Tang , Yulin Tang , Xiapu Luo , Yinqian Zhang , Weizhong Qiang

Since its public introduction in the mid-2010s, the Row Hammer (RH) phenomenon has drawn significant attention from the research community due to its security implications. Although many RH-protection schemes have been proposed by processor…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-12-28 Michael Jaemin Kim , Jaehyun Park , Yeonhong Park , Wanju Doh , Namhoon Kim , Tae Jun Ham , Jae W. Lee , Jung Ho Ahn