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Modern vehicles rely on a myriad of electronic control units (ECUs) interconnected via controller area networks (CANs) for critical operations. Despite their ubiquitous use and reliability, CANs are susceptible to sophisticated…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-12-18 William Marfo , Pablo Moriano , Deepak K. Tosh , Shirley V. Moore

With the development of autonomous vehicle technology, the controller area network (CAN) bus has become the de facto standard for an in-vehicle communication system because of its simplicity and efficiency. However, without any encryption…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-04-05 Thien-Nu Hoang , Daehee Kim

Modern vehicles are increasingly vulnerable to attacks that exploit network infrastructures, particularly the Controller Area Network (CAN) networks. To effectively counter such threats using contemporary tools like Intrusion Detection…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-05-21 Sadek Misto Kirdi , Nicola Scarano , Franco Oberti , Luca Mannella , Stefano Di Carlo , Alessandro Savino

Nowadays with the help of advanced technology, modern vehicles are not only made up of mechanical devices but also consist of highly complex electronic devices and connections to the outside world. There are around 70 Electronic Control…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2018-11-27 Omid Avatefipour , Hafiz Malik

Recent advancements in 3D-printing/additive manufacturing has brought forth a new interest in the use of Controller Area Network (CAN) for multi-module, plug-and-play bus support for their embedded systems. CAN systems provide a variety of…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-01-31 Tyler Cultice , Himanshu Thapliyal

We propose a technique to assess the vulnerability of the power system state estimator. We aim at identifying measurements that have a high potential of being the target of false data injection attacks. From an adversary's point of view,…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2020-07-01 Gonzalo E. Constante-Flores , Antonio J. Conejo , Jiankang Wang

Autonomous Systems (AS) are increasingly proposed, or used, in Safety Critical (SC) applications. Many such systems make use of sophisticated sensor suites and processing to provide scene understanding which informs the AS' decision-making.…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-08-19 John Molloy , John McDermid

Efficient key management for automotive networks (CAN) is a critical element, governing the adoption of security in the next generation of vehicles. A recent promising approach for dynamic key agreement between groups of nodes,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2018-10-18 Shalabh Jain , Qian Wang , Md Tanvir Arafin , Jorge Guajardo

Rising complexity of in-vehicle electronics is enabling new capabilities like autonomous driving and active safety. However, rising automation also increases risk of security threats which is compounded by lack of in-built security measures…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-01-22 Shashwat Khandelwal , Eashan Wadhwa , Shreejith Shanker

In-vehicle communications are not designed for message exchange between the vehicles and outside systems originally. Thus, the security design of message protection is insufficient. Moreover, the internal devices do not have enough…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-10-29 Donghyun Yu , Ruei-Hau Hsu , Jemin Lee

Modern cars are no longer purely mechanical devices but shelter so much digital technology that they resemble a network of computers. Electronic Control Units (ECUs) need to exchange a large amount of data for the various functions of the…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-11-24 Giampaolo Bella , Pietro Biondi , Gianpiero Costantino , Ilaria Matteucci

Vehicular Controller Area Networks (CANs) are susceptible to cyber attacks of different levels of sophistication. Fabrication attacks are the easiest to administer -- an adversary simply sends (extra) frames on a CAN -- but also the easiest…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-03-15 Pablo Moriano , Robert A. Bridges , Michael D. Iannacone

Despite being a legacy protocol with various known security issues, Controller Area Network (CAN) still represents the de-facto standard for communications within vehicles, ships, and industrial control systems. Many research works have…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-05-15 Denis Donadel , Kavya Balasubramanian , Alessandro Brighente , Bhaskar Ramasubramanian , Mauro Conti , Radha Poovendran

Automotive electronic control units (ECUs) are intricate systems with hundreds of individual functions, numerous software components, and multiple interdependent tasks. A prevalent structural pattern in these systems are so-called…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-05-07 Tobias Denzinger , Matthias Becker , Peter Ulbrich

Understanding AI systems' inner workings is critical for ensuring value alignment and safety. This review explores mechanistic interpretability: reverse engineering the computational mechanisms and representations learned by neural networks…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-08-27 Leonard Bereska , Efstratios Gavves

Safety-critical Autonomous Systems require trustworthy and transparent decision-making process to be deployable in the real world. The advancement of Machine Learning introduces high performance but largely through black-box algorithms. We…

Robotics · Computer Science 2022-12-02 Hongrui Zheng , Zirui Zang , Shuo Yang , Rahul Mangharam

Adaptive Cruise Control (ACC) is rapidly proliferating across electric vehicles (EVs) and internal combustion engine (ICE) vehicles, enhancing traffic flow while simultaneously expanding the attack surface for communication-based…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-10-06 Tianyi Li , Tianyu Liu , Yicheng Yang

Semantic communications seeks to transfer information from a source while conveying a desired meaning to its destination. We model the transmitter-receiver functionalities as an autoencoder followed by a task classifier that evaluates the…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-12-21 Yalin E. Sagduyu , Tugba Erpek , Sennur Ulukus , Aylin Yener

The automobile industry is no longer relying on pure mechanical systems; instead, it benefits from advanced Electronic Control Units (ECUs) in order to provide new and complex functionalities in the effort to move toward fully connected…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-03-09 Franco Oberti , Alessandro Savino , Ernesto Sanchez , Filippo Parisi , Stefano Di Carlo

Increasing automation in vehicles enabled by increased connectivity to the outside world has exposed vulnerabilities in previously siloed automotive networks like controller area networks (CAN). Attributes of CAN such as broadcast-based…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-01-22 Shashwat Khandelwal , Shreejith Shanker