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Large-scale contrastive learning models can learn very informative sentence embeddings, but are hard to serve online due to the huge model size. Therefore, they often play the role of "teacher", transferring abilities to small "student"…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-01-31 Chaochen Gao , Xing Wu , Peng Wang , Jue Wang , Liangjun Zang , Zhongyuan Wang , Songlin Hu

Distilling large language models (LLMs) typically involves transferring the teacher model's responses through supervised fine-tuning (SFT). However, this approach neglects the potential to distill both data (output content) and reward…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-28 Yudi Zhang , Lu Wang , Meng Fang , Yali Du , Chenghua Huang , Jun Wang , Qingwei Lin , Mykola Pechenizkiy , Dongmei Zhang , Saravan Rajmohan , Qi Zhang

In reinforcement learning (RL), it is easier to solve a task if given a good representation. While deep RL should automatically acquire such good representations, prior work often finds that learning representations in an end-to-end fashion…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-02-21 Benjamin Eysenbach , Tianjun Zhang , Ruslan Salakhutdinov , Sergey Levine

Distilling reasoning traces from strong large language models into smaller ones is a promising route to improve intelligence in resource-constrained settings. Existing approaches face a fundamental trade-off: offline distillation from…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-15 Yumeng Zhang , Zhengbang Yang , Yevin Nikhel Goonatilake , Zhuangdi Zhu

In this paper, we propose that small models may not need to absorb the cost of pre-training to reap its benefits. Instead, they can capitalize on the astonishing results achieved by modern, enormous models to a surprising degree. We observe…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-05-06 Sean Farhat , Deming Chen

A fundamental and challenging problem in deep learning is catastrophic forgetting, i.e. the tendency of neural networks to fail to preserve the knowledge acquired from old tasks when learning new tasks. This problem has been widely…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-05-23 Guanglei Yang , Enrico Fini , Dan Xu , Paolo Rota , Mingli Ding , Moin Nabi , Xavier Alameda-Pineda , Elisa Ricci

The performance of autoregressive models on natural language generation tasks has dramatically improved due to the adoption of deep, self-attentive architectures. However, these gains have come at the cost of hindering inference speed,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-10-30 Alexander Lin , Jeremy Wohlwend , Howard Chen , Tao Lei

Incremental learning represents a crucial task in aerial image processing, especially given the limited availability of large-scale annotated datasets. A major issue concerning current deep neural architectures is known as catastrophic…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-12-08 Edoardo Arnaudo , Fabio Cermelli , Antonio Tavera , Claudio Rossi , Barbara Caputo

Self-supervised learning approach like contrastive learning is attached great attention in natural language processing. It uses pairs of training data augmentations to build a classification task for an encoder with well representation…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-12-03 Deshui Miao , Jiaqi Zhang , Wenbo Xie , Jian Song , Xin Li , Lijuan Jia , Ning Guo

Semi-supervised learning is attracting blooming attention, due to its success in combining unlabeled data. However, pseudo-labeling-based semi-supervised approaches suffer from two problems in image classification: (1) Existing methods…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-07-08 Xuerong Zhang , Li Huang , Jing Lv , Ming Yang

Contrastive self-supervised learning (CSL) based on instance discrimination typically attracts positive samples while repelling negatives to learn representations with pre-defined binary self-supervision. However, vanilla CSL is inadequate…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-11-04 Yifei Zhang , Chang Liu , Yu Zhou , Weiping Wang , Qixiang Ye , Xiangyang Ji

Semi-supervised learning methods have shown promising results in solving many practical problems when only a few labels are available. The existing methods assume that the class distributions of labeled and unlabeled data are equal;…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-08-06 Min Gu Kwak , Hyungu Kahng , Seoung Bum Kim

Contrastive self-supervised learning methods famously produce high quality transferable representations by learning invariances to different data augmentations. Invariances established during pre-training can be interpreted as strong…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-04-05 Ruchika Chavhan , Henry Gouk , Jan Stuehmer , Calum Heggan , Mehrdad Yaghoobi , Timothy Hospedales

Most deep metric learning (DML) methods employ a strategy that forces all positive samples to be close in the embedding space while keeping them away from negative ones. However, such a strategy ignores the internal relationships of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-06-20 Zelong Zeng , Fan Yang , Zheng Wang , Shin'ichi Satoh

Multi-label classification, which involves assigning multiple labels to a single input, has emerged as a key area in both research and industry due to its wide-ranging applications. Designing effective loss functions is crucial for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-01-06 Alexandre Audibert , Aurélien Gauffre , Massih-Reza Amini

Knowledge distillation conducts an effective model compression method while holding some limitations:(1) the feature based distillation methods only focus on distilling the feature map but are lack of transferring the relation of data…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-05-02 Muzhou Yu , Sia Huat Tan , Kailu Wu , Runpei Dong , Linfeng Zhang , Kaisheng Ma

In the realm of large language model (LLM), as the size of large models increases, it also brings higher training costs. There is a urgent need to minimize the data size in LLM training. Compared with data selection method, the data…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-25 Rong Yao , Hailin Hu , Yifei Fu , Hanting Chen , Wenyi Fang , Fanyi Du , Kai Han , Yunhe Wang

Contrastive learning (CL) methods effectively learn data representations in a self-supervision manner, where the encoder contrasts each positive sample over multiple negative samples via a one-vs-many softmax cross-entropy loss. By…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-08-16 Huangjie Zheng , Xu Chen , Jiangchao Yao , Hongxia Yang , Chunyuan Li , Ya Zhang , Hao Zhang , Ivor Tsang , Jingren Zhou , Mingyuan Zhou

In continual learning, there is a serious problem of catastrophic forgetting, in which previous knowledge is forgotten when a model learns new tasks. Various methods have been proposed to solve this problem. Replay methods which replay data…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-09-18 Kotaro Nagata , Hiromu Ono , Kazuhiro Hotta

Distribution shifts are problems where the distribution of data changes between training and testing, which can significantly degrade the performance of a model deployed in the real world. Recent studies suggest that one reason for the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-04-10 Takuro Kutsuna